Have dinosaur bones been Carbon-14 dated and what are the results?
Answers
Relevance
In 1990 a sample of various dinosaur bones were sent to the University of Arizona for a “blind” Carbon-14 dating procedure. “Blind” in the sense that they didn’t tell them what the bones were. The oldest date they got was 16 thousand years. Now I don’t think they are even that old, but that’s a far cry from the millions of years evolutionists suggest. If dinosaurs became extinct more than 65 million years ago, there should be no carbon-14 left in their bones. Evolutionist of course say the samples must have been contaminated.
But there are other problems. In 1981, scientists identified unfossilized dinosaur bones which had been found in Alaska 20 years earlier. Philip J. Currie (an evolutionist) wrote about this and some similar finds, “An even more spectacular example was found on the North Shore of Alaska, where many thousands of bones lack any significant degree of permineralization. The bones look and feel like old cow bones, and the discoverers of the site did not report it for twenty years because they assumed they were bison, not dinosaur, bones.” As Dr. Margaret Helder has said, “How these bones could have remained in fresh condition for 70 million years is a perplexing question. One thing is certain: they were not preserved by cold. Everyone recognizes that the climate in these regions was much warmer during the time when the dinosaurs lived.”
In 1990, Scientists from the University of Montana found T. rex bones that were not totally fossilized and even found what appeared to be blood cells in them. Dr. Mary Schweitzer said, “It was exactly like looking at a slice of modern bone. But, of course, I couldn’t believe it. … The bones, after all, are 65 million years old. How could blood cells survive that long?” How indeed?
And then in 2005, they found an even greater discovery. Science Daily website said (March 25, 2005): “Dr. Mary Schweitzer . . . has succeeded in isolating soft tissue from the femur of a 68-million-year-old dinosaur. Not only is the tissue largely intact, it’s still transparent and pliable, and microscopic interior structures resembling blood vessels and even cells are still present.” As Dr. David Menton said, “It certainly taxes one’s imagination to believe that soft tissue and cells could remain so relatively fresh in appearance for the tens of millions of years of supposed evolutionary history.” Wouldn’t that be a hit for the meat industry if we could figure out how to preserve meat for so long?
……….
Since all the carbon 14 is gone in 50,000 years, it certainly can’t be used by evolutionists to prove that dinosaurs lived 50 million years ago. There would not be any carbon 14 left in the sample to measure. That’s why knowledgeable evolutionists never claim that carbon 14 is used to prove that dinosaurs lived 50 million years ago. But that doesn't mean that, according to scientific methods, the bones of dinosaurs are younger than 5775 years (the Biblical age of the earth). [NO THE AGE OF THE EARTH FROM ADAM AND EVE IS ABOUT 6,030 - USING THE BIBLE AS ARCHBISHOP USHER DID - Keith Hunt] The age of dinosaur bones can be estimated by using other methods.
……….
According to published content at the URLs at the end of this comment, dinosaur bones (not fossils, but actual bones) have indeed been dated, using both carbon 14 and carbon 13. They came out young.
……….
No. Radiocarbon dating involves dating the using the carbon-14 isotope. After about 50,000 years (about 10 half lives), there is not enough carbon-14 to measure in organic matter. Dinosaurs lived MUCH more than 50,000 years ago (from about 230 to 65 millions years ago). Besides, most dinosaur remains are fossilized - the original organic material has been replaced by minerals.
……….
Probably.... but really why would you? Dinosaur bones are fossilised - the original material is replaced (clearly). Carbon dating is based on the C14 the living organism took in from the atmosphere. Fossil bones contain no record of this. They consist of mineral that has replaced the original bone.
But if you did.... well C14 is produced very slowly underground by uranium - thorium decay. Thus, you might find some fossil bones with very small traces of C14, maybe just above the background radiation detection limits of the machine, ie. "date" to slightly younger than 60,000 years. Maybe "younger" if it's contaminated with recent biological material.
As others have said, uranium/lead, potassium/argon, argon/argon and multiple other forms of radiometric and non-radiometric dating very consistently establish that the stratigraphic context of dinosaur bones is far far far older than this - ~60 million years for the youngest bones.
……….
Yes they have and they have been returned as dated 2200 years to 35 k years or so..
……….
Dinosaur bones cannot be carbon-14 dated. For one thing, they aren't made of biological materials - they were long ago replaced by rock.
What happens is that the bones are covered in some way by, say, silt from flood or lakebed. Then the bones dissolve. Then water, containing minerals dissolved within, deposits those minerals into the space left by the bone. Ta-da - Rock replaces bone.
……….
DO YOU SEE THE TWO SIDES TO THIS?
SOME CLAIM LEGITIMATE DINOSAUR BONES HAVE BEEN FOUND SO CARBON 14 DATING CAN BE DONE ON THEM, AND RESULTS HAVE BEEN UNDER 50,000 YEARS.
THEN YOU HAVE THE FACT OF “DINOSAUR” BONES THAT HAVE BEEN MINERALIZED - A LONG TIME AGO REPLACED BY ROCK…..AS THE LAST COMMENT….TA-DA—ROCK REPLACES BONE.
CAN BOTH OF THESE FACTS MAKE SENSE; CAN THEY BE PUT TOGETHER SO BOTH ARE TRUE?
YES THEY CAN—— BUT THAT LATER.
Keith Hunt
Fossil
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Fossilization)
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging")[1] is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood, oil, coal, and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the fossil record.
Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old.[2] The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old[3][4][5] to 4.1 billion years old.[6][7] The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absolute ages of rocks and the fossils they host.
There are many processes that lead to fossilization, including permineralization, casts and molds, authigenic mineralization , replacement and recrystallization, adpression, carbonization, and bioimmuration.
Fossil of a Seymouria (extinct)
Fossils vary in size from one-micrometre (1 µm) bacteria[8] to dinosaurs and trees, many meters long and weighing many tons. A fossil normally preserves only a portion of the deceased organism, usually that portion that was partially mineralized during life, such as the bones and teeth of vertebrates, or the chitinous or calcareous exoskeletons of invertebrates. Fossils may also consist of the marks left behind by the organism while it was alive, such as animal tracks or feces (coprolites). These types of fossil are called trace fossils or ichnofossils, as opposed to body fossils. Some fossils are biochemical and are called chemofossils or biosignatures.
PROCESS OF FOSSILIZATION
The process of fossilization varies according to tissue type and external conditions.
Permineralization
Silicified (replaced with silica) fossils from the Road Canyon Formation (Middle Permian of Texas)
Permineralization is a process of fossilization that occurs when an organism is buried. The empty spaces within an organism (spaces filled with liquid or gas during life) become filled with mineral-rich groundwater. Minerals precipitate from the groundwater, occupying the empty spaces. This process can occur in very small spaces, such as within the cell wall of a plant cell. Small scale permineralization can produce very detailed fossils. For permineralization to occur, the organism must become covered by sediment soon after death, otherwise decay commences. The degree to which the remains are decayed when covered determines the later details of the fossil. Some fossils consist only of skeletal remains or teeth; other fossils contain traces of skin, feathers or even soft tissues. This is a form of diagenesis.
Casts and molds
External mold of a bivalve from the Logan Formation, Lower Carboniferous, Ohio
In some cases, the original remains of the organism completely dissolve or are otherwise destroyed. The remaining organism-shaped hole in the rock is called an external mold. If this hole is later filled with other minerals, it is a cast. An endocast, or internal mold, is formed when sediments or minerals fill the internal cavity of an organism, such as the inside of a bivalve or snail or the hollow of a skull.
Authigenic mineralization
This is a special form of cast and mold formation. If the chemistry is right, the organism (or fragment of organism) can act as a nucleus for the precipitation of minerals such as siderite, resulting in a nodule forming around it. If this happens rapidly before significant decay to the organic tissue, very fine three-dimensional morphological detail can be preserved. Nodules from the Carboniferous Mazon Creek fossil beds of Illinois, USA, are among the best documented examples of such mineralization.
Replacement and recrystallization
Recrystallized scleractinian coral (aragonite to calcite) from the Jurassic of southern Israel
Replacement occurs when the shell, bone or other tissue is replaced with another mineral. In some cases mineral replacement of the original shell occurs so gradually and at such fine scales that microstructural features are preserved despite the total loss of original material. A shell is said to be recrystallized when the original skeletal compounds are still present but in a different crystal form, as from aragonite to calcite.
Adpression (compression-impression)
Compression fossils, such as those of fossil ferns, are the result of chemical reduction of the complex organic molecules composing the organism's tissues. In this case the fossil consists of original material, albeit in a geochemically altered state. This chemical change is an expression of diagenesis. Often what remains is a carbonaceous film known as a phytoleim, in which case the fossil is known as a compression. Often, however, the phytoleim is lost and all that remains is an impression of the organism in the rock—an impression fossil. In many cases, however, compressions and impressions occur together. For instance, when the rock is broken open, the phytoleim will often be attached to one part (compression), whereas the counterpart will just be an impression. For this reason, one term covers the two modes of preservation: adpression.[9]
Soft tissue, cell and molecular preservation
Because of their antiquity, an unexpected exception to the alteration of an organism's tissues by chemical reduction of the complex organic molecules during fossilization has been the discovery of soft tissue in dinosaur fossils, including blood vessels, and the isolation of proteins and evidence for DNA fragments.[10][11][12][13] In 2014, Mary Schweitzer and her colleagues reported the presence of iron particles (goethite-aFeO(OH)) associated with soft tissues recovered from dinosaur fossils. Based on various experiments that studied the interaction of iron in haemoglobin with blood vessel tissue they proposed that solution hypoxia coupled with iron chelation enhances the stability and preservation of soft tissue and provides the basis for an explanation for the unforeseen preservation of fossil soft tissues.[14] However, a slightly older study based on eight taxa ranging in time from the Devonian to the Jurassic found that reasonably well-preserved fibrils that probably represent collagen were preserved in all these fossils, and that the quality of preservation depended mostly on the arrangement of the collagen fibers, with tight packing favoring good preservation.[15] There seemed to be no correlation between geological age and quality of preservation, within that timeframe.
Carbonization
Carbonaceous films are thin coatings which consist predominantly of the chemical element carbon. The soft tissues of organisms are made largely of organic carbon compounds and during diagenesis under reducing conditions only a thin film of carbon residue is left which forms a silhouette of the original organism.
Bioimmuration
Bioimmuration occurs when a skeletal organism overgrows or otherwise subsumes another organism, preserving the latter, or an impression of it, within the skeleton.[17] Usually it is a sessile skeletal organism, such as a bryozoan or an oyster, which grows along a substrate, covering other sessile sclerobionts. Sometimes the bioimmured organism is soft-bodied and is then preserved in negative relief as a kind of external mold. There are also cases where an organism settles on top of a living skeletal organism that grows upwards, preserving the settler in its skeleton. Bioimmuration is known in the fossil record from the Ordovician[18] to the Recent.
………………..
AS YOU CAN SEE THERE IS MUCH TO FOSSILIZATION.
THE ARTICLE FROM WIKIPEDIA GOES ON IN SOME DETAIL ABOUT “DATING” METHODS.
IT IS NOT MY INTENT HERE TO DEBATE THE DATING METHODS.
I WILL PRESUME BOTH SIDES OF DATING DINOSAUR BONES HAVE TRUTH TO THEM.
THE PROBLEM THAT “YOUNG EARTH CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS” HAVE IS THAT MOST OF THEM STILL WANT TO ARGUE THE EARTH IS ABOUT 6,OOO YEARS OLD.
BELIEVING THAT SOME DINOSAUR BONES HAVE BEEN CORRECTLY DATED TO AROUND 35,000 YEARS, GIVEN SOME LESS AND SOME MORE; THIS BLOWS AWAY THE TEACHING OF AN EARTH 6,000 OR SO YEARS OLD.
THEN GIVEN THAT MOST DINOSAUR BONES HAVE MOVED INTO FULL FOSSILIZATION—— FULL MINERAL DEPOSITS TO MAKE THEM ROCK; WE CANNOT CARBON 14 DATE THEM, AS CARBON 14 METHOD IS PRETTY WELL USELESS AFTER 50 TO 75 THOUSAND YEARS.
SO THOSE DINOSAURS COULD BE….. WELL CERTAINLY AFTER CARBON 14 METHOD IS USELESS, COULD BE…. WHO KNOWS HOW OLD THEY COULD BE, AS BY THEMSELVES AND NOT FIGURED BY ANY SURROUNDINGS THEY ARE FOUND IN.
I SUBMIT BOTH SIDES OF THE COIN ON THIS MATTER COULD BE CORRECT.
SO HOW DO WE RECONCILE BOTH SIDES?
THAT IS FOR THE NEXT UPLOAD.
Keith Hunt
DATING YOUNG AND OLD DINOSAURS?
I HAVE NO PROBLEM AT ALL TAKING BOTH SIDES OF THIS TOPIC.
THERE COULD BE YOUNG AGE DINOSAURS AND VERY OLD AGE DINOSAURS.
HOW?
IN OTHER STUDIES ON THIS WEBSITE I HAVE GONE INTO SOME DETAIL SCRIPTURALLY, TO SHOW THE BIBLE TEACHES AN EARTH AND UNIVERSE WAY WAY WAY OLDER THAN 6,000 YEARS OR SO, AS SOME “EARLY EARTH” BELIEVERS TEACH.
SO THIS WILL JUST BE A SUMMERY.
THERE WAS THE GODHEAD IN ETERNITY PAST. THE GODHEAD MADE THE ANGELIC WORLD, IN THE PAST, WE ARE NOT TOLD HOW FAR BACK.
THE GODHEAD MADE THE UNIVERSE; HOW FAR BACK WE ARE NOT TOLD—— TENS OF THOUSANDS, HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS, MILLIONS OF YEARS—— WE ARE NOT TOLD.
THE EARTH WAS MADE CERTAINLY WAY MORE THAN 6,000 YEARS AGO.
THE COVERING CHERUB ANGEL WAS GIVEN RULERSHIP, WITH OTHER ANGELS, OVER THIS EARTH.
THAT EARTH WAS BEAUTIFUL FROM THE VERY START, MADE TO BE INHABITED; IT WAS NOT A SHAMBLES OR AN EARTH COVERED WITH WATER. THE ANGELS SANG FOR JOY OVER THIS EARTH WHEN IT WAS MADE.
THE BEAUTIFUL COVERING CHERUB WAS GIVEN RULERSHIP OVER THIS BEAUTIFUL EARTH. HE WAS NOT SATISFIED WITH RULING THIS WONDERFUL EARTH AND ALL THE DINOSAUR CREATURES ON IT. HE WANTED THE THRONE OF HEAVEN, HE WANTED GOD’S THRONE AND TO RULE THE UNIVERSE AND ALL ANGELS.
ONE THIRD OF THE ANGELS DECIDED TO TAKE HIS SIDE. THERE WAS WAR IN HEAVEN; A BATTLE THE HUMAN MIND CANNOT COMPREHEND. THE COVERING CHERUB AND HIS ANGELS WERE CAST DOWN; JESUS SAID, HE SAW THE CHERUB NOW SATAN THE DEVIL, FALL AS LIGHTNING FROM HEAVEN. HIS BAND OF ANGELS NOW BECAME DEMONS.
SATAN WAS ALLOWED TO DESTROY THIS EARTH; WE HAVE PHYSICAL SIGNS OF HUGE METEORS STRIKING THIS EARTH IN PAST TIME.
THE VIOLENCE DONE TO THIS EARTH WAS BEYOND HUMAN COMPREHENSION; IT WAS MASSIVELY HUGE AND SWIFT—— THE AGE OF THE DINOSAURS AND ALL PLANT LIFE, ALL BIRD LIFE, ALL SEA LIFE, WAS TOTALLY WIPED OUT—— THAT AGE CAME TO A SWIFT END. TIDAL WAVES AND UPHEAVAL WAS SO CATASTROPHIC MOST CREATURES WERE BURIED ALIVE, SOME WITH FOOD IN THEIR MOUTH OR IN THE PROCESS OF EATING ANOTHER ANIMAL. OVER THE TIME OF UPHEAVAL LAND STRATA WAS FORMED; PRESSURE TOOK VEGETATION MATTER AND OIL AND COAL WAS FORMED, PRESSURE MADE DIAMONDS FORM.
WE COME ON THE SCENE IN GENESIS 1:2 WITH WATER COVERING THE ENTIRE GLOBE. YES THERE WAS A WORLDWIDE FLOOD, BUT NOT AT NOAH’S TIME, BUT WHEN SATAN WAS THROWN OUT OF HEAVEN AND THE DEMONS WITH HIM, BACK TO THIS EARTH.
GOD HAD A PLAN ALREADY IN MIND FOR THIS EARTH, AND WHAT GOD WOULD IN HIS TIME, DO WITH THIS EARTH NOW COVERED WITH WATER.
WHAT WE READ IN GENESIS 1 AND 2, WAS THE RE-FORM-ATION OF THIS EARTH AND HUMAN KIND UPON IT, IN SIX LITERAL DAYS.
THE BASIC WORLD AS WE KNOW IT TODAY GOD LIFTED UP OUT OF THE WATERS; LANDS, MOUNTAIN REGIONS, LAKES, SEAS, THE NORTH AND SOUTH POLES, AND CREATURES OF THE LAND, SEA, AND AIR WERE MADE. NOTICE IN GENESIS 1: 24—— BEASTS OF THE EARTH WERE CREATED!
THE WORD “BEAST” IS #2416 IN STRONG’S CONCORDANCE OF THE KJV BIBLE.
IT IS USED IN ISAIAH 35:9 “NO LION SHALL BE THERE [IN THE AGE TO COME], NOR ANY RAVENOUS BEAST SHALL GO UP…..”
AGAIN—— USED IN PSALM 50: 10, “FOR EVERY BEAST OF THE FORREST IS MINE….”
AGAIN—— USED IN JOB 39: 15, “…OR THAT THE WILD BEAST MAY BREAK THEM….”
AGAIN—— USED IN GENESIS 2: 19, “GOD FORMED EVERY BEAST OF THE FIELD…”
THE READER CAN DO MORE STUDY ON THIS WORD, AND SEE ALL THE PLACES WHERE IT IS USED IN THE KJV BIBLE FROM STRONG’S CONCORDANCE.
YES THE COW WAS CREATED, THE SHEEP, THE GOAT, THE HORSE, THE DOG, THE CAT, THE SQUIRREL, THE BUFFALO, THE BEAR, THE TIGER, THE ELEPHANT, THE JARAFF, THE LION, THE MONKEY, THE LEPARD, THE RHYNO….. ALL BEASTS OF THE FIELD, THE EARTH.
AND SO….. SOME CLAIM THE FOOT-PRINTS OF THE HUMAN CAN BE FOUND WITH THE FOOT-PRINTS OF THE DINOSAUR!
INDEED, NO PROBLEM—— FOR GOD AT THE TIME OF GENESIS 1 AND 2, CREATED SOME DINOSAUR CREATURES, AS HE HAD ALREADY DONE SO IN THE FIRST AGE, THE AGE OF THE WORLDWIDE DINOSAURS.
GOD CAN DO WHAT HE LIKES; IF HE WANTED TO AGAIN MAKE DINOSAUR CREATURE IN GENESIS 1, HE CAN DO SO!
IN THE FIRST AGE THERE WERE PROBABLY LAND, SEA, AND AIR CREATURES THAT WE HAVE TODAY.
UNDERSTAND! GOD CAN CREATE WHAT CREATURES FOR LAND, SEA, AND AIR, THAT HE DESIRES TO CREATE, WHEN HE DESIRES TO CREATE THEM!
THERE WERE PROBABLY DINOSAUR TYPE CREATURES MADE WHEN MAN WAS MADE. HENCE IF WE HAVE FOUND DINOSAUR BONES THAT DATE, WITH CARBON 14 DATING, THAT ARE 20, 30, 40 THOUSAND YEARS OLD THEN IT ALL FITS; THIS EARTH AND ALL UPON IT ARE WAY OLDER THAN 6,000 YEARS.
WHY DO WE NOT SEE THESE DINOSAUR CREATURES TODAY?
WELL IN THE DEPTH OF THE OCEANS WE ARE BEGINNING TO FIND CREATURES THAT LOOK LIKE THEY ARE FROM SOME SCIENCE FICTION MOVIE….JUST MIND BLOWING, STRANGE AND FANTASTICALLY BIZARRE.
AS FOR LAND DINOSAUR CREATURES, WELL I SUBMIT THESE COULD BE CLASSIFIED AS DINOSAURS— Rhinoceros and the Hippopotamus
MANY OTHERS HAVE DISAPPEARED!
WE CALL IT BECOMING EXTINCT! MANY ANIMALS ARE NOW EXTINCT!
HUMANS JUST ABOUT MADE THE BUFFALO EXTINCT; MILLIONS OF THEM ON THE NORTH AMERICAN LAND AND MAN JUST ABOUT KILLED EVERY SINGLE ONE OF THEM.
THE BOOK OF JOB TALKS ABOUT TWO CREATURES THAT FROM WHAT IS SAID ABOUT THEM, WE HAVE NOTHING ON EARTH TODAY LIKE THEM.
FOR MANY REASONS MANY THINGS BECOME EXTINCT, IT HAS BEEN THIS WAY FROM THE BEGINNING OF HUMAN HISTORY.
THE OLD AND THE YOUNG DINOSAUR CREATURES WERE IN THE OLD WORLD FOR SURE, AND NO DOUBT IN THE PRESENT WORLD FOR A TIME, AND SOME ARE STILL WITH US TODAY ON THE LAND AND IN THE SEAS.
SOME DINOSAURS ARE LOW DOWN IN THE CRUST OF THE EARTH, SOME NOT AS LOW, AND SOME, LIKE IN THE HILLS OF DRUMHELLER, ALBERTA, ARE VERY NEAR THE SURFACE. ALL OF THAT DETER4MINED WHEN GOD BROIUGHT THE LAND FROM OUT OF THE SEA COVERING THE EARTH—— GENESIS ONE.
HOW FAR BACK WAS THE DINOSAUR AGE WE ARE NOT TOLD. HOW FAR BACK WHEN THE EARTH WAS DOSTROYED AND COVEREDE WITH WATER, WE ARE NOT TOLD. HOW LONG THE WATERS WERE UPON THE EARTH BEFORE GENESIS 1: 2 WE ARE NOT TOLD.
WHEN JESUS RETURNS WE CAN ASK HIM ALL THESE QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE THE TRUE HISTORY BOOK OF OUR EARTH.
Keith Hunt
No comments:
Post a Comment