SECRETS OF LOST RACES----- BLOW YOU AWAY HISTORY!

 SECRETS of the Lost Races!

Modern science from long ago!

Certainly modern evolutionary teaching does not want you, or the school systems, to ever come close to reading what this book contains, for it blows away any idea that we have progressed from the caves to our modern space age world, over hundreds of thousands of years - Keith Hunt.                                        Published 1977                            SECRETS OF LOST RACES Discoveries of Advanced Technology in Ancient Civilizations                                     by                               Rene Noorbergen                       Researched by Joey R. Jochmans

CHAPTER ONE

.......Regardless of the criticism heaped on the Bible, there is

a serious trend among archaeologists to regard its historical

books as reliable. Until the eighteenth century, few scholars

doubted the trustworthiness of the Bible as a historical book of

antiquity. The Creation, the story of the Flood, the sojourn of

the Israelites in the desert were all deemed facts. But then

things changed. The infamous "Age of Reason" breached the walls

of faith, and with the coming of the new nineteenth-century

theories of evolution and materialism, the historical Bible

account was relegated to mythology, and the "enlightened age"

began to regard the Bible as a well-contrived compilation of

fables. Harry M. Orlinsky comments in Ancient Israel, "The heroic

doings of the patriarchs, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as described

in the Book of Genesis, were discounted as mere myth. The very

existence of Moses was doubted. Joshua was believed to have had

little or nothing to do with the Israelite conquest of Canaan.

David and Solomon were considered greatly overrated. . . ." This

negative attitude to the Bible was reflected in more recent

times, for example, in the writings of the well-known philosopher

Bertrand Russell and the historiographer R.G.Collingwood. "For

today, in considerable degree," Orlinsky continues, "the pendulum

has swung the other way. Modern historians do not, to be sure,

accept every part of the Bible equally as literal fact. Yet they

have come to accept much of the Biblical data as constituting

unusually reliable historical documents of antiquity, documents

which take on new meaning and pertinence when they are analyzed

in the light of the newly discovered extra-Biblical sources.

Indeed, even the mythical parts of the Bible are now generally

regarded as reliable reflection of fact, empirically grounded,

and logical in their way. . . . More and more the older view that

the Biblical data were suspect and even likely to be false,

unless corroborated by extra-Biblical facts, is giving way to one

which holds that, by and large, the Biblical accounts are more

likely to be true than false, unless clear-cut evidence from

sources outside the Bible demonstrates the reverse. "

     Professor William F. Albright, the world-renowned

archaeologist of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, adds,

"The Bible now forms, humanly considered, part of a great whole,

to the outside parts of which it can be related. Its languages,

the life and customs of its peoples, its history, and its ethical

and religious ideas are all illustrated in innumerable ways by

archaeological discovery."

     With these endorsements of the Bible as a historical

document, we dare to venture into the first chapters of Genesis

in order to help us trace the development of the human race and

the technological and cultural achievements with which it

coincided. There is nothing else that can penetrate the history

of the pre-Flood period. Even modem dating methods are of no

help, for they are applicable only to artifacts, not accounts,

and these dating techniques cannot take us back further than

5,000 years. One of the world's foremast experts in modern dating

methods, Dr.W.F.Libby, who wan the Nobel prize for his research

on carbon-14 dating, was astonished to find that this was so.

Trusting that his new-found tool would enable science to pull

back the curtain of time, he was shocked to be confronted with

science’s limitations.

"You read statements in books that such and such society or

archaeological site is 20,000 years old," he commented. "We

learned rather abruptly that these numbers, these ancient ages,

are not known accurately; in fact, it is at about the time of the

First Dynasty of Egypt that the first historical date of any real

certainty has been established."

     Genesis tells us that Cain and Seth were born in 4969 B.C.

and 4924 B.C. respectively, and upon maturity became the

progenitors of two distinct races, isolated from one another.

Known as Cainites and Sethites, they developed totally different

life-styles. A close examination of the names and identifications

given to the various tribal leaders or patriarchs that ruled the

two races tends to bring us to a better understanding of their

capabilities-and the conclusions we reach clash violently with

the concept of crude cave men dragging their wives by the hair on

the road to marital bliss.

     We know from the record that Cain lived in the land called

Nod, meaning "place of exile." Genesis mentions that the land

where he settled did not "yield her strength." There is no

further information concerning the early years except that in

approximately 4784 B.C. a son, Enoch, was born. Sometime between

this date and Cain's death in 4059 B.C., Cain gathered his

descendants together and built a city called Enoch City, named

after his first son. Several observations can be made regarding

the construction of this first city, which would require the

development of a high order of mathematics; the manipulation of

building materials, seemingly stones and wood; and a knowledge of

architecture. A city also presupposes the beginning of some form

of social and political organization, not only for the

construction phase, but also for its subsequent maintenance and

expansion. Upon assembling his descendants into one dwelling

place, Cain set himself up as the first ruler over men, and by

naming the city after his eldest son, he moved to establish a

dynasty of rulers that would perpetuate his name.

     Enoch was the next Cainite, supposedly born in 4784 B.C.

Little is known of the personal histories of the descendants of

Cain other than their names and sequence of descent as recorded

in Genesis, chapter four. However, it was the ancient practice to

give men names that commemorated their status or character or

major events in their lives. From their names we can now perceive

something about each of the Cainites. The name Enoch means

"devoted, the initiated (into secret learning), a teacher," and

the implication is that Enoch was a man of knowledge, parti-

cularly mystic knowledge. The fact that Cain named his city after

Enoch suggests that the city was to be not just a political

center but a religious one as well. Enoch City, with Enoch as its

high priest, may have possessed its own sanctuary and sacrificial

system.

     Irad, the son of Enoch, was born in approximately 4599 B.C.

and died about 3689 B.C. His name means "a townsman, a prince of

a city." The city where Irad was ruler was of course Enoch City,

and its throne was his inheritance from his grandfather, who died

during Irad's lifetime. This indicates that the dynasty of Cain

remained intact at least to the third generation.

     Mehujael, the son of Irad, entered the scene at 4415 B.C.,

his name meaning "smitten of God." We do not know the manner in

which this Cainite was struck down, whether by disease,

malformation or natural disaster, but the record indicates that

his condition was regarded as a punishment.

     Methusael, the next in line, was born in 4367 B.C. and died

about 3398 B.C. and, as his name indicates, was "a great man

before God." Lamech, the son of Methusael, was born in

approximately 4180 B.C. and died about 3403 B.C. While the

history woven around his father seems to indicate that there may

have been a mixing of the two races for a while, perhaps for a

specific but unnamed purpose, it doesn't seem to have affected

the development of the Cainites and Sethites as separate races.

However, immediately after the races had intermingled, the

account indicates that open lawlessness was common in this

developing society. Lamech means "a strong young man, a hero."

The record indicates that he was not only strong, but also a

murderer and the first polygamist mentioned. His declaration of

the murder is lyric in form. It was at this time that the arts

emerged. Lamech's first wife, Adah, was an artist, her name

meaning "ornament, decoration, elegant"; the name of Zillah, his

second wife, meant "a shadow figure, a maker of sound, a player,"

and she may well have been the first actress. Other members of

the family are described as "such as dwell in tents," "such as

have cattle," "wanderer," or "adventurer." No doubt the Cainites

had become quite mobile and were roaming the countryside, seeking

land for their flocks, and exploring various forms of the arts.

Was it perhaps the loneliness in the fields that inspired the

shepherds to try out new ways of accompanying their singing? We

are not certain of this, yet Jubal, Adah's second son, was "the

father of all such as handle the harp and the organ," indicating

the beginnings of the fine art of instrumental music, both string

and wind.

     With the arrival of Tubalcain (3860 B.C.), son of Zillah,

technology entered the antediluvian world. Genesis 4:22 calls him

"an instructor of every artificer in brass and iron." The

production of metals is, of course, a very significant step in

the development of a civilization, for it facilitates the way to

higher forms of technology and more sophisticated tools and

machinery. Iron presupposes knowledge of the techniques of ore

extraction and purification; brass presumes knowledge of copper

and zinc and their combinations in the production of

metallurgical alloys. An artificer of metals is one who hammers,

cuts and polishes metals; the shaping of metal instruments thus

is implied. The form that these instruments took can be taken

from the name Tubalcain itself. It means "the brass of Cain,

brass weapons, a weaponsmith." Tubalcain therefore was the

manufacturer of the first known metal weapons in history, and the

production of weapons, of course, suggests war, or at least the

threat of war.

     In 1968, Dr.Koriun Megurtchian of the Soviet Union unearthed

what is considered to be the oldest large-scale metallurgical

factory in the world, at Medzamor, in Soviet Armenia. Here, 4,500

years ago, an unknown prehistoric people worked with over 200

furnaces, producing an assortment of vases, knives, spearheads,

rings, bracelets, etc. The Medzamor craftsmen wore mouth-filters

and gloves while they labored and fashioned their wares of

copper, lead, zinc, iron, gold, tin, manganese and fourteen kinds

of bronze. The smelters also produced an assortment of metallic

paints, ceramics and glass. But the most out-of-place discovery

was several pairs of tweezers made of steel, taken from layers

dating back before the first millennium B.C. The steel was later

found to be of exceptionally high grade, and the discovery was

verified by scientific organizations in the Soviet Union, the

United States, Britain, France and Germany.

     French journalist Jean Vidal, reporting in "Science et vie"

of July 1969, expressed the belief that these finds point to an

unknown period of technological development. "Medzamor," he

wrote, "was founded by the wise men of earlier civilizations.

They possessed knowledge they had acquired during a remote age

unknown to us that deserves to be called scientific and

industrial."

     What makes the Medzamor metallurgical site interesting to us

is that it is within fifteen miles of Mount Ararat - the landing

site of the survivors of the destroyed antediluvian

civilizations. 

     The development of the Sethites was in no way behind that of

the Cainites. Seth, born about 4924 B.C., is not known as either

a city dweller or a city builder, but seemed to have lived

quietly on the fertile soil provided by the four rivers mentioned

in the early records. Yet something happened to undermine the

physical well-being of the Sethites, for his son, born in

approximately 4819 B.C., carried the name Enos, which means

"mortal, weak mankind." This may be indicative of disease taking

its toll. The Hebrew Aggadah comments that during Enos's lifetime

men's faces became more apelike.

     But there are more men to be considered in this short list

of antediluvian greats. Cainan (4729 B.C.) was "an industrious

man, a craftsman" as his name indicates, and he may have been the

first to usher in the development of sophisticated tools - years

before Tubalcain embarked on his weapons production. Simple tools

had already been replaced by more complex ones which were perhaps

used in carpentry, pottery, weaving, masonry, etc. By now the

Sethite population was probably large enough so that its working

force had become diversified, and as a craftsman Cainan typified

the growing specialization of labor that has always accompanied

an expanding culture.

     There are many others who should be listed here, but their

reported professions were more spiritual, and because we are more

concerned with the technological aspects of pre-Flood life, we

will single out only three more Sethites: Methuselah (4367 B.C.);

Lamech (4180 B.C.), son of Methuselah; and Noah (3998 B.C.), son

of Lamech.

     With Methuselah we enter an era of open warfare. Bearing a

name meaning "man of the flying dart, man of the arrow, man of

war," he undoubtedly was a military man - and a successful one,

for he lived longer (969 years) than any of the other patriarchs.

His adversaries may have been indicated already when we discussed

the descendants of Cainan. Methuselah, living in the same period

as Tubalcain, the weaponsmith, was a master of several weapons,

including the arrow and the "flying dart." Could this possibly

have been a missile or a rocket, and is this the first indication

of a major armed conflict between the two civilizations, the

Cainites and the Sethites? We know from historical accounts that

Jubal, Tubalcain's half brother, was the first to spread his

influence by venturing into new lands. Perhaps his men threatened

to invade the territories already inhabited by the Sethites.

Lamech probably followed the profession of his father Methuselah,

but he died at the age of 777, which was young compared to the

average lifespan of 912 years for the pre-Flood patriarchs, not

counting Enoch. He was even outlived by his father. Could his

death have been the result of wounds inflicted in battle?

Biblical Noah, who was born in 3998 B.C. and died in 3048 B.C.,

was the last of the antediluvian giants. Mentioned in mythology

by various names such as Nu-u, Nu-wah and others, he was the man

who, with his wife, his three sons and their wives, plus a

representation of the animal kingdom, braved the turbulent waves

of the Deluge in their vessel, thus ending the reign of the ten

patriarchs. His sons, Shem, Ham and Japheth, comprised the

eleventh generation, and since part of their lives were lived

after the Flood, they must be considered post-Flood patriarchs.

We will never know the exact extent of the knowledge that was

lost. Noah and his family were capable of reproducing only that

of which they had personal knowledge, and this of course was

limited because the only ones to reach the previously attained

high standard of development were Noah and his sons. The

technology that survived the Flood was the product of possibly

ten generations of synergistic development, the intermediary

steps of which had been totally destroyed. Noah and his family at

least had the memory of a technological environment to fall back

on, but Noah's son's children did not. All they knew and

understood was the reduced civilization of their parents, a

post-Deluge civilization that did not possess in its structure

the gradual development behind the technological elements their

parents preserved. In time the children began to lose the

knowledge of the fundamental principles; and when the

technological elements broke down and could not be replaced, they

were discarded.

     The one chance to unify their descendants into an orderly,

well-organized society came at Babel, a city mentioned in the Book

of Genesis. The story relates that at the Tower of Babel - the

first skyscraper in history - a serious attempt was made to

structure the rapidly growing population under one centralized

authority, but this plan failed because their language became

confused, and the communication necessary for the re-creation of

the super-civilization that had existed before the Flood was

destroyed.

     In chapters 10 and 11 of Genesis we find two other factors

that hampered a complete restoration of antediluvian technology.

The descendants of Noah became divided into nations and races,

with the result that the common background they had shared was

lost, with some people preserving the knowledge and others losing

it. For those who managed to retain some pre-Flood knowledge,

especially the more advanced elements of technology, the national

and racial divisions of mankind caused a downward trend. Hindu

records actually speak of highly destructive war waged with

nuclear weapons, and there is every indication that these clashes

occurred relatively soon after the Flood. Since very little

survives a total nuclear war, it is conceivable that several

advanced civilized centers vanished simultaneously, another

probable factor in the disappearance of antediluvian technology

in the post-Flood era.

     Genesis 11 brings in yet another element. The generation

following Noah suddenly shows a decided decrease in the average

lifespan, from more than 900 years to approximately 100 years.

This, of course, severely limited the individual's chance to

acquire knowledge and experience, and with shortened lives, the

generations passed more rapidly. Considering that there were now

more human memories involved in relaying and passing on all

information, the likelihood increased that facts would become

distorted.

     Writing, an element we consider extremely vital if not

indispensable to our society, seems to have been completely

unknown to the ancients. Is it possible they did not need it?

Puzzling though it may be, there are indications that this may

have been the case, because writing was actually considered to be

a step backward for civilization, rather than a step forward.

In his Phaedrus the Greek philosopher Plato wrote about the

legend of Toth, the Egyptian god who supposedly discovered the

use of letters. In order to boast of his invention, the god

demonstrated their use to King Thamus and claimed that this

new-found form of communication would be an aid to wisdom. But

the king condemned Toth and told him that just the opposite would

be true. Writing, he judged, would encourage forgetfulness in the

minds of those who learned, because they would not cultivate

their memory. Students would learn the appearance instead of the

reality of wisdom, reading and repeating words without knowing

their meaning. He declared that writing would limit knowledge,

not expand it. And it happened as he prophesied, for as we have

already seen, the early Egyptian funeral texts are examples of

just that development, as the scribes copied the texts without

knowing their significance. Many historians have noted that the

secularization of the written word in the past was not always an

indication of the rise of a civilization; sometimes it was an

omen of its decline.

     But regardless of King Thamus's objections, writing did

become a reality and wielded its influence on the growing

societies. It was a help to some, but acquiring the knowledge to

write brought with it serious limitations. Memory was no longer

the factor to rely on; now the storehouses of words became the

prime factors in the dissemination of knowledge. Whereas before

the Flood, technological facts had been transmitted from father

to son, from scientist to scientist, now huge depositories of

written knowledge were substituted for oral tradition, and as a

result a privileged few became the sole custodians of this

accumulating knowledge. When the rampaging armies of expanding

nations invaded the lands, the great libraries of the world

became the innocent victims of wanton destruction. Many of

history's missing pages were torn out in those calamitous years.

"The famous collection of Pisastratus [Pisanderl in Athens (sixth

century B.C.) was ravaged. Fortunately the poems of Homer somehow

survived. The papyri of the library of the Temple of Ptah in

Memphis were totally destroyed. The same fate befell 200,000

volumes in the library of Pergamus in Asia Minor. The city of

Carthage, razed by the Romans in a seventeen-day fire in 146

B.C., is said to have possessed a library of half a million

volumes. But the greatest blow to history was the burning of the

Alexandrian library in the Egyptian campaign of Julius Caesar,

during which 700,000 priceless scrolls were irretrievably lost. .

. . There was a complete catalogue of authors in 120 volumes with

a brief biography of each author."

     The library of Alexandria, however, survived this

destruction and once again became a center of learning, the most

important book depository in the Mediterranean world, until Omar,

the second Caliph of Islam, used its millions of book rolls to

heat the city's bathing facilities in 640 A.D. For six months the

fires roared, fueled by the knowledge of the ancients. The Caliph

decreed: "The contents of these books are in conformity with the

Koran or they are not. If they are, the Koran is sufficient

without them; if they are not, they are pernicious. Let them

therefore be destroyed."

     Tomas, author of "We Are Not the First," comments that the

fate of libraries in Asia was no better, for the Emperor Ch'in

Shih Huang Ti of China caused all historical books to be burned

in 212 B.C. Leo Isaurus sent 300,000 books to the incinerators in

Constantinople in the eighth century. "The number of manuscripts

annihilated by the Inquisition . . . in the Middle Ages can

hardly be estimated. Because of these tragedies we have to depend

on disconnected fragments, casual passages, and meager accounts.

. . . The history of science would appear totally different were

the book collection of Alexandria intact today."

     But all was not lost.

     After the Second World War the discovery of the Dead Sea

Scrolls created a sensation among Biblical scholars, for these

documents, dating back to the second century B.C., agreed

remarkably with a Biblical manuscript known as the Masoretic Text

of A.D.10. Somehow the texts had survive practically intact. More

recently, the discovery in 1975 of the Eblite Tablets at Tel

Mardiqh in Syria caused another wave of excite ent. The fact that

the Dead Sea Scrolls could be dated to 200 B.C. in itself

startling; but finding clay tablets that were inscribed in 2300 

B.C. blew the lid off! With texts written in Canaanite and other

languages, the 15,000 tablets revealed a wealth of

correspondence, including political treaties, records, laws,

religious texts and historical information. "It covers an

important part of the post-Flood patriarchal period," one scholar

told me recently. "It may well provide us with details that will

shed a completely new light on the civilization that existed in

their day." And it is the post-Flood patriarchal period that

concerns us.

     Without question, a vast storehouse of ancient knowledge has

been lost over the years, but not always destroyed. Originating

in the period before the Deluge, it survived the angry waves in

segments of selected knowledge, carefully preserved by the

memories of the family of escapees.

     The antediluvians undoubtedly possessed extraordinary mental

abilities, for they passed quickly through several successive

stages of development. By the second generation they practiced

agriculture and animal husbandry; possessed fire and simple

tools; knew mathematics, astronomy and architecture; and were

organizing themselves into the first urban social system. By the

fourth generation, simple tools had developed by synergism into

such crafts as weaving, carpentry and masonry. Finally, by the

eighth generation, we witness a burst of inventiveness with the

beginning of metallurgy, the art of warfare, and the development

of the arts. The Genesis account of these elements of

civilization may not seem impressive, but we must remember that

these discoveries are the first causations from which all

subsequent technological development originated. We must also

keep in mind that the Bible, even though it contains much

historical information, is basically a religious book, and the

Biblical authors wrote down only those historical events that

pertained to the development or decline of their religion. We

should not expect the book of Genesis to delve into the

technological aspects of the maturing civilizations. Caught up as

we are in the age of development, we often fail to realize that

development is a lesser achievement than causation. Development

is the maturation of causation, but a causation is a distinct

departure from one mode of existence to another - a completely

unprecedented transformation. For example, the step forward which

Tubalcain took from nonmetal to metal production must be

considered a far greater accomplishment than any later

developments in metallurgy. The first men to walk the face of the

earth, in the first eight generations of the antediluvian era,

advanced from no culture to culture by their own efforts, with no

precedence whatsoever. They were the originators, the discoverers

and inventors, not only of their own civilization but - through

the survivors of the Flood - of all the civilizations that

followed them in the post-Deluge era.

     For the reason previously given, the Genesis account

unfortunately furnishes us few clues to the development of the

antediluvian civilization after the time of Tubalcain. However,

looking at what they possessed by that time, the potential for

continued advancement toward the development of a high

technological civilization most certainly existed. First, they

had the necessary foundation in knowledge. By mastering

mathematics, metallurgy and the fine arts, the antediluvians

demonstrated their analytical, inventive and imaginative

capabilities. The first two fields - mathematics and metals - are

necessary for the introduction of machinery, the next synergistic

step in tool development. Second, they had the needed human

resources. Any technology depends on a work force that is large,

organized and diversified. Genesis 6 tells us that "men began to

multiply upon the face of the earth." The genealogy given in

Chapter 5 of the historical record clearly implies that men had

large families and longer procreative periods before the Flood.

     Although in most cases only one son in each family is named

for the purpose of tracing the line of descent, it is also

recorded that each patriarch "begat sons and daughters," implying

that each of them produced at least four children. Furthermore,

the age at which the patriarchs had their mentioned sons varies

from 65 years for Mahalaleel and Enoch to 500 years for Noah: a

range of 435 years. Thus, through the combined effects of lengthy

lives and large families, the antediluvians rapidly "filled the

earth." We know, too, that the greater portion of the pre-Flood

population was organized. As early as the time of Cain, his first

descendants had been gathered together into an urban society and

taught to be subservient to a single political and religious

head. The pre-Flood population was also diversified. From the

time of Cainan, the fourth generation, the race had multiplied to

the extent that they could support craftsmen and a variety of

trades.

     What's more, there was sufficient time for an advanced

civilization to develop. From Tubalcain's discovery of

metalworking in approximately 4000 B.C. to the year of the Flood,

3398 B.C., is a period of 600 years within which further

advancements could have been made. This is a vital point, for it

took our civilization about 600 years to develop to what it is

today - from gunpowder and printing to nuclear physics and

computers. If this is where we are today after 600 years, just

imagine how far the antediluvians could have advanced in the same

length of time - the people who were the originators of

civilization.

     While our antediluvian predecessors developed a technology

that was in many ways similar to our own, some of the differences

were so great that historians and archaeologists are still unable

to correctly identify the representative remains.

     Most non-mechanically minded scholars do not realize that

there are products of technology which do not resemble what we

call machines - without shafts, rods or gears. For example, a

network of lines traced with special metal - containing ink on

specially treated paper can serve as a receiver for

electromagnetic waves; a copper tube can serve as a resonator in

the production of high-frequency waves; and the surface of a

diamond can even be made to contain an image of the pages of

100,000 average-sized books!

     The problem, however, is that, as any technology advances,

its methods and forms are often simplified and may not be

recognizable to a civilization of inferior knowledge and

understanding. Many out-of-place artifacts (ooparts) discovered

today exhibit signs of a technology that not only matches our

own, but in some cases surpasses it. Some of these ooparts seem

so fantastic that we simply cannot grasp their significance. We

can only recognize and understand these earlier developments as

we ourselves approach or reach the same stage of advancement. A

disturbing question, however, is how many out-of-place artifacts

have been lost or remain unidentified in the basements of modern

museums, because no one knows what they are?

                            ..................

To be continued

Note:

The dates given in this chapter are probably taken from the dates

of the LXX or Septuigint (from the Hebrew to Greek of the Old

Testament, written about 200 B.C.). The LXX adds about 100 years

to the life span of those mentioned in Genesis 5. Hence about

1,000 years more that what the KJV would add up to. There is a

good argument from many that the Genesis LXX is the truer

translation from the original Hebrew.

This fact being true, which is very likely, we also see the idea

that God is working on a 7,000 year plan is blown away, as 7,000

years have already come and gone. Even if you want to argue from

Usher's chronology of 404 B.C. for the creation of Adam, you

still have over 6,000 years and the 1,000 year age is not yet

here.

The simple truth of the matter is that God IS NOT WORKING 

ON A 7 THOUSAND YEAR PLAN FOR THIS EARTH AND 

THE HUMANS UPON IT.

Keith Hunt

SECRETS of the Lost Races #2

OOparts - baffles the Evolutionists!

                      

Ooparts - Science in the Raw?

     The discoveries of the ooparts - witnesses of our most

ancient past have thus far been accidental. They are remnants of

a past we have never fully recognized or believed in. Because we

do not totally comprehend the scope of this mysterious pre-Flood

civilization, we stand aghast when confronted with the possible

relics from such a civilization. "But where do the cave men fit

in?" is a question often encountered when one discusses the

greatness of our ancestors. "We are still climbing the ladder of

social evolution," is another frequently heard comment. "There

simply is no place for a super-civilization in our past." And,

shrugging their shoulders at such naivete, the critics retreat to

their niches of complacency.

     Yet what are they going to do with the ooparts? Too many

have surfaced over the years for them simply to be ignored.

     Let's look at some of the recorded discoveries. 

     An interesting item appeared in many of the nation's

newspapers on April 10, 1967, reporting the discovery of an

artifact and human remains at the Rocky Point Mine in Gulman,

Colorado. At a depth of 400 feet below the surface, according to

an account in the Saturday Herald of Iowa City, the excavators

found human bone embedded in a silver vein. By geological

standards, the find was estimated to be several million years

old. But in addition to the bones, they uncovered a well-tempered

copper arrowhead four inches long. Neither bone nor arrowhead

belonged there, according to our way of thinking, yet there they

were - unexplainable and certainly unexpected. The historians and

geogists are unable to fit these remains into the theoretical

framework of evolution; partly because of this, the find has been

conveniently forgotten. But this strange discovery is not an

isolated one. In the June 1851 issue of Scientific American (Vol.

7, p.298) a report concerning a metallic vase that had been

dynamited out of solid rock on Meeting House Hill in Dorchester,

Massachusetts, was reprinted from the Boston Transcript. The

story said, "On putting the two parts together it formed a

bell-shaped vessel, 4 and 1/2 inches high, 6 and 1/2 inches at

the base, 2 and 1/2 inches at the top and about an eighth of an

inch in thickness. The body of this vessel resembles zinc in

color, or a composition metal in which there is a considerable

portion of silver. On the sides there are six figures of a

flower, a bouquet, beautifully inlaid with pure silver, and

around the lower part of the vessel, a vine, or wreath, inlaid

also with silver. The chasing, carving and inlaying are

exquisitely done by the art of some cunning craftsman. This

curious and unknown vessel was blown out of the solid pudding

stone, fifteen feet below the surface."

     Where did it come from?

     Neither the geologists nor the archaeologists know, but the

rock from which the man-made objet d'art was taken was estimated

by them to be at least several million years old. As is the case

with many puzzling discoveries, the vase was circulated from

museum to museum, and then disappeared. No doubt it is gathering

twentieth-century dust somewhere in a curator's dank basement...

     Precisely forty years later, on June 9, 1891, a somewhat

similar find was made by Mrs.S.W.Culp of Morrisonville, Illinois.

While she was shoveling coal into her kitchen stove, her

attention was drawn to one lump of coal which had broken in two,

revealing a gold chain of intricate workmanship. The

Morrisonville Times of June 11 reported, "Mrs.Culp thought the

chain had been dropped accidentally in the coal, but as she

undertook to lift the chain up, the idea of its having been

recently dropped was shown to be fallacious, for as the lump of

coal broke, it separated almost in the middle, and the circular

position of the chain placed the two ends near to each other; and

as the lump separated, the middle of the chain became loosened

while each end remained fastened to the coal. . . . This is a

study for the students of archaeology who love to puzzle their

brains out over the geological construction of the Earth from

whose ancient depth the curious are always dropping out."

     The paper's editor really didn't know how to handle this

bizarre discovery, but neither did the geologists, for the coal

sample was supposedly from the Carboniferous period and so was

thought to be several million years old.

     The Morrisonville chain was in no way unique, for another

gold artifact of unknown origin was discovered in 1844 in a

quarry near Rutherford Mills, England. On June 22 of that year,

workmen blasting granite out of the pit suddenly came upon a gold

thread eight feet below the surface, embedded in rock judged by

geologists to be 60 million years old. Investigators sent by the

London Times reported that in their opinion the thread had indeed

been of artificial manufacture.

     Artifacts of precious metal have not been the only objects

unearthed from solid rock. The Springfield (Illinois) Republican

stated in 1851 that a businessman named Hiram de Witt had brought

back with him from a trip to California a piece of auriferous

quartz about the size of a man's fist, and while de Witt was

showing the rock to a friend, it slipped from his hand and split

upon striking the floor. In the center of the quartz, they

discovered a cut-iron six-penny nail, slightly corroded but

entirely straight, with a perfect head. The age of the quartz,

you wonder? Scientists conclude that it is in excess of a million

years!

     But this wasn't the first nail discovered. Six years before

this find, Sir David Brewster made a report to the British

Association for the Advancement of Science which created quite a

stir. A nail obviously of human manufacture had been found

half-embedded in a granite block excavated from the Kindgoodie

Quarry in northern Britain. It was badly corroded, but

identifiable, nonetheless. Once again, the granite was determined

to be at least 60 million years old.

     Still another out-of-place artifact, a two-inch metal screw,

was discovered in a piece of feldspar unearthed in 1865 from the

Abbey Mine in Treasure City, Nevada. The screw had long since

oxidized, but its form, particularly the shape of its threads,

could easily be seen within the feldspar. Here too this discovery

played havoc with accepted scientific theories, for how the

impression of a two-inch metal screw could be found in something

thought to be several million years old clearly perplexed the

examiners.

The Salzburg Cube

     The out-of-place objects that have been found in the various

rock strata not only reveal evidence of simple metal production,

but also indicate that the antediluvians had the ability to shape

metal by machines and that they used metal in the construction of

complicated machinery.

     In 1885, in the foundry of the Austrian Isador Braun of

Vocklabruck, a block of coal dating from the Tertiary period was

broken open. Inside was discovered a small metal cube. Fascinated

by this sudden find, Braun's son took the mysterious cube to the

Salzburg Museum, where it was subjected to meticulous examination

by the Austrian physicist Karl Gurls.

     Tests indicated the cube was composed of a steel-and-nickel

alloy. It measured 2.64 by 2.64 by 1.85 inches, weighed 1.73

pounds, and had a specific gravity of 7.75. The edges of this

strange cube were perfectly straight and sharp; four of its sides

were flat, while the two remaining sides, opposite each other,

were convex. A rather deep groove had been cut all the way around

the cube about midway up its height. There was no doubt that the

cube was machine-made, and it seemed to be part of a larger

mechanism.

     Unfortunately the cube disappeared from the Salzburg Museum

in 1910, and during the bombings of the Second World War the

museum's inventory files relating to the time period when the

cube was on exhibit (1886-1910) were completely destroyed.

     However, there is still sufficient evidence to support the

authenticity of the find, for an account of its discovery was

published in the scientific journals Nature (London, 1886) and

L'Astronomie (Paris, 1887).

The Coso Artifact

     Another equally controversial find was made more recently.

On February 13, 1961, three rock hunters, Mike Mikesell, Wallace

Lane and Virginia Maxey, were collecting geodes about six miles

northeast of Olancha, California. On this particular day, while

searching in the Coso Mountains, they found a stone located near

the top of a peak approximately 4,300 feet above sea level and

about 340 feet above the dry bed of Owens Lake. The rockhounds

mistakenly identified it as a geode, a round stone with a hollow

interior lined with crystals, though it bore traces of fossil

shells. The following day, when Mikesell cut the stone in half,

ruining a ten-inch diamond saw in the process, he saw that it

contained not crystals but rather something totally unfamiliar.

Inside were the remains of some form of mechanical device.

     Beneath the outer layer of hardened clay, pebbles, and

fossil inclusions was a hexagonal layer of an unknown substance

softer than agate or jasper. This layer surrounded a

three-quarter-inch-wide cylinder made of solid porcelain or

ceramic, and in the center of the cylinder the finders discovered

a two-millimeter shaft of bright metal. This shaft, the rock

enthusiasts discovered, was magnetic and showed no signs of

oxidation. Circling the ceramic cylinder were rings of copper,

and these also had not corroded.

     Not knowing what to do with their unusual find, they sent

the object to the Charles Ford Society, an organization

specializing in examining extraordinary things. X-rays taken of

the fossil-encrusted rock revealed further evidence that the

content of the "geode" was indeed some form of mechanical

apparatus. The photographs indicated that the metallic shaft was

corroded at one end, but the other end was affixed to a spring or

helix of metal. The Coso artifact, as it is now known, is

believed to be more than just a piece of machinery. The finely

shaped ceramic and metallic shaft and copper components hint at

some form of electrical instrument. It bears a close resemblance

to a spark plug, but there are certain features - particularly

the spring or helix terminal - that do not correspond to any

spark plug known today. To complicate the mystery surrounding

this strange little instrument, the geologists tell us that the

rock in which it was found has to be at least half a million

years old.

     The controversy in which these finds are enveloped concerns

the dates that have been assigned to them because of the strata

in which they were discovered. There is no doubt that Mrs.Culp

did find the gold chain in Carboniferous rock, and the discovery

of the gold thread in the quarry near Rutherford Mills is also a

matter of record, as are Hiram de Witt's iron nail, Sir David

Brewster's report, and the metal screw found in the Abbey mine.

But there is one vital factor that must not be overlooked: that

the dates given for their origin cannot be relied on for

accuracy. No conscientious geologist will dare attach any degree

of certainty to the various dates given to the different layers

of the earth's crust. It is more reasonable to look at the

artifacts in the light of Deluge geology, which maintains that

the stratified rock is the result of soil laid down by water.

This signifies that the metal objects encased in the rocks were

buried during the Flood, and thus their manufacture would date

from before the Deluge. The ooparts certainly set the theories of

the geologists against those of the historians, for one group

holds stubbornly to the million-year-age theory, and the orthodox

historians definitely are unwilling to accept the authenticity of

a machine-made cube in a block of coal dating back to the

Tertiary period. To them the existence of a highly advanced

civilization one hundred million years ago is incredible. This

exaggerated time element must be rejected. Since we acknowledge

that coal is a product of vegetation destroyed, compressed and

buried by water, the Salzburg cube, found in the so-called

Tertiary coal, must therefore date from the pre-Flood period.

Because the Coso artifact was found in sedimentary rock, we must

conclude that this too was deposited during the great Flood. What

makes these artifacts significant to us is that they reveal that

the antediluvians had progressed beyond mere metal production and

had obviously learned how to utilize certain forms of energy - in

this case electricity - several thousand years before the

reintroduction of this knowledge into our civilization.

     For years now, a slow but methodical search has been

conducted to find the elusive ark of Noah, the ship that bridged

the gap between the antediluvian and postdiluvian civilizations.

We have always thought of it as a simple wooden ship, of which we

know only the approximate dimensions. I have participated in

numerous discussions speculating about the possible contents of

the ship, yet in all those long, thought-provoking hours, no one

ever thought of Noah and his family as members of a highly

civilized race. Problems of waste disposal, ventilation, air

conditioning, maintenance and lighting were disposed of with a

casual wave of the hand.

     "Their civilization wasn't far enough advanced for a

sophisticated technology," was the usual consensus. "Don't look

for the impossible."

     Can it be that we were all wrong?  

ELECTRICITY

     Let's take a look at the Genesis description of the Flood nd

the survival vessel, and focus our attention on two references.

     In this account we find two indications that lead us to

believe that electricity may have played a vital role in the

operation of the ark. One reference is found in Genesis 8:6,

where the Hebrew word "challon" or "opening" is used, referring

to the window through which Noah released the birds. The other

reference, however, utilizes a different word "tsohar" - which is

translated as "window" but does not mean window or opening at

all! Where it is used (twenty-two times in the Old Testament),

its meaning is given as "a brightness, a brilliance, the light

of the noonday sun." Its cognates refer to something that

"glistens, glitters or shines." Many Jewish scholars of the

traditional school identify tsohar as "a light which has its

origins in a shining crystal." For centuries Hebrew tradition has

described the tsohar as an enormous gem or pearl that Noah hung

from the rafters of the ark, and which, by some power contained

within itself, illuminated the entire vessel for the duration of

the Flood voyage.

     Noah's light source seems to have been preserved in history

for hundreds of years, for we find indications that King Solomon

of Israel may have used it in about 1000 B.C. An ancient Jewish

manuscript entitled "The Queen of Sheba and Her Only Son

Menyelek," translated by Sir E.A.Wallis Budge, contains this

statement: "Now the House of Solomon the King was illuminated as

by day, for in his wisdom he had made shining pearls which were

like unto the sun, the moon and the stars in the roof of his

house."

     In view of this, it is not surprising that Solomon himself

once wrote, " . . . there is no new thing under the sun. Is there

any thing whereof it may be said, See, this is new? it hath been

already of old time which was before us." (Eccl.1:9-10).

     Electricity in one form or another has surfaced throughout

the centuries. According to the historian Josephus Goriondes,

Alexander the Great wrote to his teacher during his conquest of

Persia that an island located off the coast of India was

inhabited by men who ate raw fish and spoke a language akin to

Greek. They believed that at one time Cainan, the great-grandson

of Adam, was entombed on their island. Prior to the Flood, the

tradition went, a high tower was situated over the sepulcher,

protecting it in a remarkable way. Anyone who approached the tomb

was struck dead by a flash of lightning that was discharged from

the top of the tower. Of course, all was destroyed by the Flood,

but the story of the tower and the tomb had been perpetuated by

every generation inhabiting the island since the great

catastrophe.

     What makes this tradition even more intriguing is that

Cainan was a "craftsman," the inventor of many crafts. According

to Bible chronology he died around 3819 B.C., which means that he

lived for nearly a century following Tubalcain's discovery of the

art of metallurgy. In keeping with his craftsmanship, Cainan, in

the crowning years of his life, may have combined Tubalcain's

knowledge of the properties of metals with his own ingenuity, and

become the first man to discover and utilize the power of

electricity. This certainly is not an illogical assumption when

we have evidence that electricity was used after the Flood by

craftsmen, the gold and silver-smiths of Babylonia and Persia.

     Another item concerning pre-Flood electricity comes to us

from a fragment of a Sumerian text cited by the well-known

archaeologist S.N.Kramer in his book "History Begins at Sumer"

(p.200). The quoted text speaks of "Ziusudra, the King, the

Preserver of the Seed of Mankind" and how he constructed a "huge

boat which was tossed about" in a flood that overwhelmed the

land. Ziusudra is identical to Berosus Xisuthros and the older

Sumerian Utnapishtim. The Sumerian text also mentions that in the

preparation of Ziusudra's "huge boat," the hero Utu brought "his

rays [of the sun] into the boat, in order to give it light." Utu

corresponds to Ubarat-utu in the Weld-Blundell Sumerian list, who

was the eighth "king" of the ten pre-Flood rulers - the

counterpart of the Biblical Methuselah. Bible chronologists state

that Cainan, the discoverer of electricity, died in 3819 B.C.;

and Noah, the utilizer of the electric tsohar in the ark, was

born in 3998 B.C., which means that the two were not

contemporaries and that Cainan was not the one who contributed

his discovery to the ark. However, Methuselah was 548 years of

age when Cainan died, and since he continued to live another 421

years, he certainly was present during the entire period of

construction of the ark. Thus, having been a contemporary of both

Cainan and Noah, he may have been the individual, as indicated in

the Sumerian legend, who relayed the secrets of electric power to

Noah.     

BATTERY POWER

     Electricity, however, does not seem to have been the only 

energy source of which the antediluvians had knowledge, for there

are a number of out-of-place finds and historical records which

suggest that they manipulated a wide range of power potentials.

     In Genesis 6:14, Noah was commanded to make the ark

waterproof in a specific way: "[Thou] shalt pitch it within and

without with pitch." The word for pitch as it is used here is the

Hebrew "kopher" thought to be related to the Assyrian kupur -

which means bitumen or asphalt. Now, asphalt is a petroleum

product, and as we know, natural petroleum was formed by

vegetable and animal remains that were subjected to tremendous

heat and pressure. The Creationist geologists believe that this

occurred when antediluvian life forms were buried by the Flood.

(Actually it was the flood of Genesis 1:2 that created the coal

and oil beds - Keith Hunt).

     Yet, the Genesis account clearly states that Noah was to

waterproof the ark with asphalt, which raises the question, Was a

petroleum product such as asphalt in existence before the Flood?

Yes! It must have been, and since it did not happen naturally, we

must assume it was produced artificially, which presupposes a

highly advanced knowledge of chemistry, particularly in the area

of hydrocarbons. If the antediluvians were knowledgeable in

hydrocarbon chemistry and production, then the entire range of

petroleum products was within their grasp, from waterproof

sealants (the "pitch" of the ark) to plastics and other synthetic

materials. Most important, however, they would have been able to

produce machine lubricants and engine fuel.

     Is it mere chance that the root word of chemistry - chemia -

is attributed to khem, the ancient name for the land of Egypt, or

the land of Kham, derived from the Biblical Ham, one of the three

sons of Noah?

     We do not know which of Noah's sons transmitted the

knowledge of electricity to the succeeding generations, but the

fact that it survived the Flood is certain, as modern research

into the secrets of the ancients furnishes us with ample

evidence.

     In 1938, Dr.Wilhelm Konig, a German archaeologist employed

by the State Museum in Baghdad, Iraq, was aimlessly rummaging

through the basement of the museum when he came upon a find that

was to drastically alter all concepts of ancient science. It was

a storage box containing a number of two-thousand-year-old clay

pots which had been excavated at Kujut Rabua, a village southeast

of Baghdad.

     At first glance the pots were noticeably unusual. Each one

was 6 inches high and housed a cylinder of sheet copper 5 inches

high and 1 and 1/2 inches in diameter. The edges of the cylinders

seemed to have been soldered with a 60/40 lead-tin alloy, which

is comparable to the solder in use today. The bottoms of the

mysterious cylinders were capped with copper discs and sealed

with bitumen or asphalt. Another insulating layer of bitumen

sealed the tops of the pots and was also used to hold in place

iron rods suspended into the center of the copper cylinders. The

rods showed unmistakable evidence of having been corroded by an

acid solution, long since evaporated.

     With a background in mechanics, Dr.Konig immediately

recognized that this configuration of copper, iron and acid was

not a chance arrangement, but that the clay pots were nothing

less than ancient electric cells. Confirmation of his

identification came after the Second World War when science

historian Willy Ley, working with Willard Gray of the General

Electric High Voltage Laboratory in Pittsfield, Massachusetts,

constructed a duplicate model of the ancient clay pot cells. They

discovered when they added copper sulfate, acetic acid or citric

acid - all of which were well known two thousand years ago - the

cells produced between 1 and 1/2 and 2 volts of electricity.

     Generation of electric current by the same means was not

possible in our modern civilization until 1800.

     More such electric cells were found. Four similar clay pots

containing copper cylinders were unearthed in a magician's hut

near Tel Omar (Seleucia), also near Baghdad. Found with these

pots were thin iron and copper rods which may have been used to

connect the cells into a series - a battery - in order to produce

a stronger voltage. Ten other cells were also uncovered at

Ktesiphon - again in proximity to the city of Baghdad - by

Professor E. Kuhnel of the Staatliches Museum in Berlin. These

were found broken down into their component parts, as though they

had been mass-produced and their manufacturer had been

interrupted before assembling the pieces into working batteries!

     The ancient batteries found in the Baghdad Museum and

elsewhere in Iraq all date from the Parthian period of Persian

occupation, between 250 B.C. and A.D.650. However, electroplated

objects, which presuppose the use of some form of battery, have

been discovered in Iraq in Babylonian ruins dating back to 2000

B.C. It would appear that the Persians and later craftsmen in

Baghdad inherited their batteries from one of the earliest

civilizations in the Middle East.

ELECTROPLATING

     Electroplated objects were also found in Egypt by a famous

nineteenth-century French archaeologist Auguste Mariette.

Excavating in the area of the Sphinx of Gizeh, Mariette came upon

a number of artifacts at a depth of 60 feet. In the Grand

Dictionaire Universal du 19th Siecle, he described the artifacts

as "pieces of gold jewelry whose thinness and lightness make one

believe they had been produced by electroplating, an industrial

technique that we have been using for only two or three years."

     Down through the years, diverse sections of the world have

yielded many accounts of bizarre and seemingly unexplainable

lights, many of which may well have had their source in electric

power.

     In West Irian - formerly Dutch New Guinea - is a village

near Mount Wilhelmina with a layout of artificial illumination

that in brightness equals any system we have in our western

world. In a United Press dispatch in 1963 Harold Guard quotes

visitors to the hamlet as saying that "they were terrified to see

many moons suspended in the air and shining with great

brightness." Other visitors have described these "moons" as huge

stone balls that began to glow with a mysterious bright light as

soon as the sun disappeared behind the tangled overgrowth of the

jungle. Mounted on tall pillars, they projected a luminous glow

over the entire village. This may be the same phenomenon

described in 1601 by Barco Cenenera, who wrote about the

conquistadors discovery of the city of Granmoxo near the source

of the Paraguay River in the Planalto do Mato Grosso. He wrote,

"On the summit of a 7 and 3/4-meter pillar was a great moon which

illuminated all the lake, dispelling darkness."

     We know from the historical record that such secret Hebrew

societies as the Kabala preserved the knowledge of electricity as

late as the medieval period. Eliphas Levi, in his Histoire de la

Magie, records the story of a mysterious French rabbi named

Jechiele who was an advisor in the thirteenth-century court of

Louis IX. Jechiele, his contemporaries report, often astounded

the king with his "dazzling lamp that lighted itself." The lamp

possessed no oil or wick, and Jechiele placed it in front of his

house for all to see. What the lamp's secret source of energy

was, the rabbi never revealed.

     Another device, one with which Jechiele used to protect

himself, was a door knocker that literally shocked his enemies.

The thirteenthcentury chroniclers tell how he "touched a nail

driven into the wall of his study, and a crackling, bluish spark

immediately leapt forth. Woe to anyone who touched the iron

knocker at that moment: he would bend double, scream as if he had

been burned, then he would run away as fast as his legs could

carry him." It would appear that Jechiele pushed a dische button

that sent an electric current into the iron knocker on his door.

     The ancients may have had more sources of light than we can

imagine, and there are numerous indications that this was so.

     When the sepulcher of Pallas was opened near Rome in the

early 1400s, it was found to be lighted by a lantern which had

kept the inside of the tomb illuminated for more than two

thousand years. Pausanias, who lived during the second century

A.D., writes that the temple of Minerva had a light that could

burn for at least a year. St.Augustine (A.D.354-430) claims that

in an Egyptian temple dedicated to Isis a lamp burned which

neither wind nor water could extinguish.

     Until the invention of electric lighting in 1890, we

possessed only candles, torches and oil lamps, light sources that

smoked and left sooty deposits on ceilings. No trace of smoke,

however, was ever found either in the pyramids of Egypt or in the

subterranean tombs of the pharaohs in the Valley of the Kings. It

has been thought that perhaps the Egyptians used some complicated

system of lenses and mirrors to bring sunlight into the burial

chambers, but no remains of any such system have ever been found.

A number of ancient tombs, in fact, have tunnels and passageways

that are too complex for a mirror system to have brought

sufficient light into the inner chamber. The only alternative is

that the Egyptians had a smokeless light source. Since the

Egyptians possessed electricity to electroplate gold jewelry - as

Mariette discovered - they may also have utilized it to

illuminate their tombs.

     How sophisticated were the Egyptians in their understanding

and utilization of electricity? In Room 17 in the Egyptian Temple

of Dendera, built during the Ptolemaic period and dedicated to

the goddess Hathor, a very mysterious picture is engraved on the

wall. Egyptologists have been at a loss to explain the meaning of

this picture in religious or mythological terms. Several

electronics engineers, however, believe it contains information

of a very different nature.

     First, to the extreme right appears a box on top of which

sits an image of the Egyptian god Horus. On his head is his

symbol - also the symbol of divine energy - the disc of the sun.

This identifies the box as the energy source. Attached to the box

is the representation of a braided cable, which electromagnetics

engineer Professor John Harris has identified as a virtually

exact copy of engineering illustrations used today for

representing a bundle of conducting electrical wires. The cable

runs from the box the full length of the floor of the picture and

terminates both at the ends and at the bases of two very peculiar

objects. Each of these objects rests on a pillar which Professor

Harris has identified as a high-voltage insulator. Each object is

also pictured as being operated by two Egyptian priests.

     The two peculiar objects in the temple picture look very

much like TV picture tubes, an impression which may not be far

from the truth, for electronics technician N. Zecharius has

identified the objects as Crookes tubes, the forerunners of the

modern television tube.

     In simplified terms, a Crookes tube consists of a vacuum

contained in a glass encasement within which a fluorescent ray of

electrons can be produced. When the tube is in operation, the ray

originates where the cathode electrical wire enters the tube, and

from there the ray extends the length of the tube to the opposite

end. In the temple picture, the electron beam is represented as

an outstretched serpent. The tail of the serpent begins where the

cable from the energy box enters the tube, and the serpent's head

touches the opposite end. In Egyptian art, the serpent was the

symbol of divine energy.

     Now, the temple picture shows one tube on the extreme left

of the picture to be operating under normal conditions. But in

the case of the second tube, situated closer to the energy box on

the right, an interesting experiment has been portrayed. Michael

R. Freedman, an electrical and electromagnetics engineer,

believes that the solar disc on Horus's head is a Van de Graaff

generator, an apparatus which collects static electricity. A

baboon is portrayed holding a metal knife between the Van de

Graaff solar disc and the second tube. Under actual conditions,

the static charge built up on the knife from the generator would

cause the electron beam inside the Crookes tube to be diverted

from the normal path, because the negatively charged knife and

the negatively charged beam would repel each other. In the temple

picture, the serpent's head in the second tube is turned away

from the end of the tube, as though repulsed by the knife in the

baboon's hand.

     When one looks at the temple picture as a whole, every

aspect represents an important feature of a serious scientific

experiment. The one tube with the straight serpent is the control

(or the tube operating under normal conditions, for comparison);

the other with the repelled serpent is the experimental tube (or

the tube upon which new conditions have been imposed). Even the

use of a baboon to hold the knife shows that the Egyptians were

well aware of the powerful energies they were dealing with an

the experiment themselves. The Crookes tube was of the

fluoroscope, an instrument that uses x-rays for diagnosing

internal injuries. We have no evidence as yet that the Egyptians

possessed the fluoroscope, but we do have indications that the

Hindus and Chinese did.

FLUOROSCOPE and X RAYS

     An Indian contemporary of Buddha, a physician named Jivaka,

was given the title King of Doctors about 500 B.C. Records tell

us that he had a "gem" which he used for diagnosis, and that when

a patient was placed before the gem it "illuminated his body as a

lamp lights up all objects in a house, and so revealed the nature

of his malady."

     Jivaka's magic gem disappeared in history, but three

centuries later there was discovered in the palace of Hien-Yang

in Shensi, a "precious mirror that illuminates the bones of the

body." The mirror was rectangular - 4 by 5 feet - and gave off a

strange light on both sides. The view of the organs of the body

that the mirror gave could not be obstructed by any obstacle,

which would be typical of the penetration power of x-rays.

ATOMIC POWER

     Is it possible that some of these light sources employed

energy-conversion methods like electricity, or could it have been

something more exotic? Is it possible that the ancients found

ways to harness atomic power in order to light small areas? In

our day and age we recognize that atomic power will be an

important source of energy for the future, but there are

indications that atomic power is not new. 

     Not long ago a surprising find was made in West Africa that

sheds new light on how far back in history atomic energy was

first (?) released.

     It was on September 25, 1972, when Dr.Francis Perrin, former

chairman of the French High Commission for Atomic Energy,

presented a report to the French Academy of Sciences concerning

the discovery of the remains of a prehistoric nuclear chain

reaction. Perrin's first inkling came when workers at the French

Uranium Enrichment Center observed that uranium ore from a new

mine at Oklo, 40 miles northwest of Franceville in Gabon, West

Africa, was markedly depleted of uranium 235. All uranium

deposits in the world today contain 0.715 per cent of U 235, but

the Oklo mine uranium showed levels as low as 0.621 per cent. The

only explanation that could be given for the missing U 235 was

that it had been "burned" in a chain reaction. Evidence in

support of this conclusion surfaced when investigators at the

French Atomic Center at Cadarache detected four rare elements -

neodymium, samarium, europium and cerium - in forms that are

typical of the residue from uranium fission! Dr.Perrin concluded

his report with the opinion that the Oklo uranium had undergone a

nuclear chain reaction which had been spontaneously set off by

natural causes. Since the Oklo uranium deposits were geologically

estimated to be 1.7 billion years old, Dr.Perrin suggested that

this is when the reaction took place, for at that time the

uranium would have been at its purest.

     Following the publication of Dr.Perrin's report by the

French Academy of Sciences, however, questions concerning his

conclusions were raised by many experts. Glenn T. Seaborg, former

head of the United States Atomic Energy Commission and Nobel

prize winner for his work in the synthesis of heavy elements,

pointed out that for uranium to "burn" in a reaction, conditions

must be exactly right.

     Water is needed as a moderator to slow down the neutrons

released as each uranium atom is split, in order to sustain the

chain reaction. This water must be extremely pure. Even a few

parts per million of any contaminant will "poison" the reaction,

bringing it to a halt. The problem is that no water that pure

exists naturally anywhere in the world!

     A second objection to Dr.Perrin's report involved the

uranium itself. Several specialists in reactor engineering

remarked that at no time in the geologically estimated history of

the Oklo deposits was the uranium ore rich enough in U 235 for a

natural reaction to have taken place. Even when the deposits

supposedly were first formed, because of the slow rate of

radioactive disintegration of U 235, the fissionable material

would have constituted only 3 per cent of the deposits - far too

low a level for a "burn." Yet a reaction did take place,

suggesting that the original uranium was far richer in U 235 than

a natural formation could have been.

     So what remains is evidence of a nuclear reaction that

cannot be explained by natural means. If nature was not

responsible, then the reaction must have been produced

artificially. Is it possible that the Oklo uranium is the residue

from an antediluvian reactor that was detroyed by the Flood and

redeposited in West Africa?

(No, it may have been the people then of West Africa did it

themselves - Keith Hunt).

ATOMIC PHYSICS

     Physicist Frederick Soddy made this significant statement

concerning knowledge of atomic physics in ancient myths and

legends on page 182 of his Interpretation of Radium (New York,

1920): "One is tempted to inquire how far the unsuspected aptness

of some of these beliefs and sayings to the point of view so

recently disclosed is the result of mere chance or coincidence,

and how far it may be evidence of a wholly unknown and

unsuspected ancient civilization of which all other relics have

disappeared. It is curious to reflect, for example, upon the

remarkable legends of the philosopher's stone, one of the

earliest and most universal beliefs, the origin of which, however

far back we penetrate into the records of the past, we probably

do not trace to its real source. The philosopher's stone was

accredited the power not only of transmuting metals, but of

acting as the elixir of life. Now, whatever the origin of this

apparently meaningless jumble of ideas may have been, it is

really a perfect but very slightly allegorical expression of the

actual present views we hold today. It does not require much

effort of the imagination to see in energy the life of the

physical universe and the key to the primary fountains of the

physical universe today known to be transmutation. Is, then, this

old association of the power of transmutation with," he

concludes, "the elixir of life merely a coincidence? I prefer to

believe it may be an echo from one of many previous epochs in the

unrecorded history of the world, of an age of men which trod

before the road we are treading today, in a past possibly so

remote that even th very atoms of its civilization literally have

had time to disintegrate."

PLATINUM

     Contrary to what orthodox historians would like to admit,

our ancient ancestors seem to have inherited an extremely

sophisticated knowledge of metal-working from an earlier

civilization. Not long ago, pre-Inca Peruvian ornaments and

other objects made of platinum were discovered. This poses a

serious problem, because in order to melt platinum, a temperature

of about 1,755 degrees Celsius must be reached. We have no

satisfactory answer to the question of how the ancient Peruvians

were able to produce such a heat.

     A few years ago a metal belt-fastener with open-work

ornamentation was found in China, in the burial site of the

famous general of the Chin dynasty, Chou Chu, who lived from A.D.

265 to 316. The fastener was examined by the Institute of Applied

Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and by the Dunbai

Polytechnic. Their analysis showed that the metal of the fastener

was an alloy of 5 per cent manganese, 10 per cent copper - and 85

per cent aluminum.

     Aluminum supposedly was not discovered until 1803 and not

produced successfully in pure form until 1854. Today, the process

of extracting aluminum from bauxite is very complicated and

involves the use of a Reverbier oven, refraction chamber and

regenerator, as well as electrolysis and temperatures exceeding

950 degrees Celsius.

     The question is, Where did the Chinese acquire these

elements of twentieth-century technology in the third century? It

is possible that they may have even possessed methods of

producing aluminum which are still unknown to us today.     

   

METAL HARDENING

     The ancient Palestinians see to have specialized in the

perfection of metal-hardening techniques. Professor Clifford

Wilson, while working for the Australian Institute of

Archaeology, made this observation concerning a Palestinian

bronze statue of Baal. One leg of the statue was missing, and

when metalworkers were commissioned to add a modern one, they

were surprised to find that they could not duplicate the original

bronze. To their dismay and frustration, it was harder than any

they could make.

     Ancient castings of large pieces as well as evidence of

advanced hardening techniques are also found in other parts of

the world. In the courtyard of Kutb Minar in Delhi, India, stands

the Ashoka Pillar, a column of cast iron weighing approximately 6

tons and standing 23 feet 8 inches high, with a diameter of 16

inches. The column had stood in the temple of Muttra, capped with

a Garuda, an image of the bird incarnation of the god Vishnu. But

Moslem invaders destroyed the Garuda and tore the column from its

original setting, re-erecting it in Delhi in the eleventh century.

How long it had been at Muttra we are not certain. It bears the

inscription of an epitaph to King Chandragupta II, who died A.D.

413, signifying that it is perhaps fifteen hundred or more years

old.

     The iron pillar poses a real mystery, not only because of

its immense size, presupposing a sizeable casting job, but

because of its age. Under the Indian tropical heat and monsoon

downpours, a normal piece of iron manufactured in about 413 would

have corroded and disappeared long ago. The Ashoka iron column,

however, shows only traces of rust, and its existence after one

and a half millennia is a testimony to a sophisticated unknown

science which the ancients must have possessed.

     Another remarkable iron column exists at Kottenforst, a few

miles west of Bonn, Germany. Locally it is known as the Iron Man.

It has the appearance of a squared metal bar, with 4 feet 10

inches above ground and an estimated 9 feet beneath the surface.

The iron column was first mentioned in a fourteenth-century

document where it was described as marking a village boundary,

but there is evidence that the column is much older. Associated

with the Iron Man are an ancient stone walkway and the remains of

an aqueduct which runs straight toward the column. Like the iron

pillar of India, the Iron Man of Kottenforst shows some

weathering but very little trace of rust.

MORE ENIGMAS

THE GREAT PYRAMID

     While some evidence points to the antediluvians having had a

technological level that matched our own, there are also serious

indications that in certain areas they entered a sphere of

knowledge which has scarcely been nudged by our present-day

science. 

     One of the greatest enigmas in the world involves the

Pyramid of Cheops, better known as the Great Pyramid, located on

the west bank of the Nile at Gizeh, a short distance from Cairo.

It was built in the early Old Kingdom approximately 800 years

after the Flood and is purported to be the final resting place

for the pharaoh, but no concrete evidence of this has ever been

found. The role of the pyramid as a tomb has never totally

satisfied most investigators and chroniclers. It has often been

stated that this man-made mountain of 2,300,000 stone blocks must

have served another purpose than as merely the mausoleum of an

ancient ruler. From the fourth-century A.D. Roman historian

Ammianus Marcellinus to the ninth-century Arab savant Ibn Abd

Hokem, the writers record the legend that deep within the

interior of the pyramid mass were secret rooms containing the

lore of a forgotten civilization. The various chambers within the

pyramid have since been discovered and fully (?) explored, but

nothing of any significance was ever found in them - not even the

mummy for which the pyramid was built. We know now, however, that

there was a grain of truth in the old legends, for the knowledge

was not to be found in any hidden chamber; rather, it is believed

that the pyramid itself is the knowledge.

     The mysterious pyramids have been visited by many scientists

in the past and present, and a number of these men have noted

unusual phenomena associated with the Great Pyramid of Gizeh. Not

long after the turn of the century, the British inventor

Alexander Siemens traveled to Egypt to see the pyramid and,

accompanied by an Arab guide, climbed to the very top. On their

reaching the summit, the guide called his attention to the

curious fact that whenever he raised his hands with the fingers

outstretched, he would hear a ringing in his ears. Siemens

followed the Arab's example, but instead of hearing anything, he

felt a distinct prickling sensation. Guessing there was something

electromagnetic about what was happening, he quickly took a

newspaper he had brought with him, moistened it with the contents

of a wine bottle, and then wrapped the paper around the empty

bottle. In this manner he had quickly manufactured a Leyden jar -

a device which accumulates electrical energy. After holding the

apparatus over his head, he realized that it became increasingly

charged, to the point that sparks began to fly out of it. The

Arab guide, who knew nothing about electricity, accused his

tourist companion of witchcraft and attempted to seize Siemens by

the arm. At that instant, Siemens lowered his spark-shooting

bottle toward the man, giving the Arab such a shock that he was

thrown to the stones upon which the two stood.

     On recovering, the terrified guide scrambled down the

treacherous building blocks of the pyramid with scarcely a

backward glance, and was never seen again.

     Siemens concluded that for some reason the pyramid was

discharging a powerful flow of electromagnetic current, the "why"

of which he could not answer.

     A more recent experiment conducted at the Great pyramid's

sister structure, the neighboring Pyramid of Chephren, brought

the enigma of the energy flow to worldwide attention. In 1968 a

group of scientists from the Ein Shams University near Cairo

conducted a milliondollar experiment to measure the cosmic rays

passing through the pyramid. The goal was to determine whether

any undiscovered chambers still existed in the pyramid, for as

the cosmic rays strike the pyramid uniformly from all directions,

they should, if the pyramid was solid, be recorded uniformly by

the detection equipment. If there were vaults, however, the

detection equipment would then show a different strength for

those areas.

     For twenty-four hours a day for more than a year, magnetic

tapes faithfully recorded the cosmic rays received by the

detectors. Finally, at the termination of the experiment, the

tapes were taken to the Ein Shams University to be analyzed by

the IBM 1130 computer. The result was absolute chaos! Where there

should have been a relatively uniform reading among all the

tapes, the computer printouts that plotted the cosmic-ray

patterns revealed that the readings were different from day to

day.

     Dr. Amr Gohed, director of the experiment, was quoted in the

London Times of July 14, 1969, as saying:

"This is scientifically impossible. There is a mystery here which

is beyond explanation. . . . Call it what you will, occultism,

the curse of the pharaoh, sorcery or magic - there is some force

that defies the laws of science at work in the pyramid."

     Perhaps the most significant experiment concerning "pyramid

power" were carried out several years ago by a Frenchman named M.

Bovis. Arriving at the Great Pyramid in the stifling heat of the

day and eager to escape the suffocating temperature, he ventured

into the centermost of the pyramid's chambers, called the King's

Chamber. Ferreting among the accumulated garbage and debris, he

discovered the body of a dead cat. What surprised Bovis was that,

despite the humidity of the chamber air, the cat's body had not

decayed, but instead had mummified. It was completely dehydrated!

     A credible explanation for this strange occurrence was not

readily available, and Bovis was still perplexed about it when he

arrived home in France. There he constructed a scale model of the

Great Pyramid, with a base approximately one yard on a side.

Recalling that the Great Pyramid is one of the most accurately

oriented buildings known to engineering - its base is squared

only five seconds, or 1/720 of a degree, off from magnetic north

- he likewise aligned his pyramid model with the North Pole and

concluded his experiment by placing several dead animals about

one-third of the way up inside the pyramid. Without exception,

the bodies of the animals did not putrefy but slowly dried out.

     Whatever organic matter was placed with the pyramid, the

same phenomenon occurred. Brain tissue, when set in a regular

box, began to decay within a matter of hours, but while protected

by the pyramid's structure, it is reported to have remained

unaffected for a period of up to two months. It simply became

mummified, with a water loss of approximately 75 per cent.

     It was not until the 1950s that Bovis's work with pyramid

models came to the attention of Kark Drbal, a Czechoslovakian

radio engineer from Prague. He repeated Bovis's experiments and

experienced the same results. But he went one step further, and

the results of that experiment are still puzzling the experts.

     Drbal decided to subject a dull razor blade to the

mysterious power of the pyramid. To his delight, the dull blade

was transformed into a sharp one after fourteen days in the

pyramid. Familiar with the scientific method, he duplicated the

same experiment several times, with the same result - a force

acting within the pyramid restored the blade's edge to its

original sharpness.

     Visualizing a possible commercial market for his discovery,

Drbal tried to have it patented, calling it the "Cheops Pyramid

Razor Blade Sharpener." The Prague patent office, however, did

not share his obvious enthusiasm and flatly refused even to

consider its merits until its chief technical advisor constructed

a pyramid model for himself and tested it with one of his own

blades. To his surprise it worked, and as a result the "Pyramid

Sharpener" was patented in Czechoslovakia in 1959 unter Patent

No.91304. A small factory was built to produce little

six-inch-high cardboard pyramids, but within a short time it was

discovered that any type of construction material produced the

same effect. As a result Drbal's pyramids are now being made from

styrofoam.

     Since the introduction of Drbal's sharpening pyramids in

1960, a considerable amount of research has been conducted, both

in the West and behind the Iron Curtain, to unlock the secrets of

the pyramid's power. Most of this research has been conducted

along scientific lines, but recently, as the mystery of the

pyramid force has been probed deeper, science has been superseded

by the supernatural. In the United State, Canada, Europe and

Australia, pyramids are no longer being used to sharpen razor

blades but are rapidly becoming instruments of the occult and are

known as "Feedback-Mystic Pyramids." The prescribed technique,

according to the occultists, is to write a statement or a wish on

a piece of paper, insert it in a properly north-south-oriented

pyramid, and then pray to the forces within the pyramid to grant

the request. Those who have dealt with "pyramid power" in this

manner claim that "something" is indeed answering their prayers 

a degree above and beyond mere chance.

     But there's more from Czechoslovakia. Robert Pavlita,

another inventor, has taken a step beyond Drbal's pyramid and is

now experimenting with all types of shapes and combinations of

shapes. He has developed what is now known in psychic circles as

the "psychotronic generator," a "machine" that supposedly is able

to store up and run on energy which Pavlita claims originates

from the human mind. When the operator simply concentrates on

various points of the generator, the machine can attract

nonmagnetic material to itself, drive small motors placed in a

vacuum, purify polluted water, advance the growth of plants, and

heal diseases; and in addition to all of this, it is reputed to

be able to perform several occult extrasensory operations. The

inventor avows that it can read minds, control thoughts, foretell

the future, and communicate with entities that reside on another

plane of existence.

     What makes these "psychotronic generators" so intriguing is

that Pavlita admits - although somewhat reluctantly - that these

machines are not of his invention! Rather, he states that he

discovered the principle behind these incredible machines from a

number of extremely ancient manuscripts located in the Prague

library collection, which incidentally houses hundreds of relic

writings still waiting to be deciphered and translated. The

manuscripts selected by Pavlita were treatises on black magic -

more specifically, magic based on a unified occult-technology

developed by an advanced civilization antedating Egypt and

Sumeria.

     "Pyramid power" and the "psychotronic generators" have a

twofold implication. First, their ancient origin and highly

sophisticated technology point to their source as having been

before the Flood. They show that in the final days prior to the

Flood the antediluvians had advanced in knowledge to a point

where they crossed the line separating pure science from pure

occultism. In some way they had managed to fuse the supernatural

with the natural and in the process had destroyed their

civilization.

     The second implication is far more ominous. The intensity of

the research into the mystery of "pyramid power" and

psychotronics is now rapidly approximating the same level that

the antediluvians reached before the Flood.

     Today, both science and occult knowledge are beginning to

approach their theoretical limits - aiming for the ultimate in

technical and spiritual manipulation. Is it perhaps possible that

we are again edging closer to the danger point?

                             ................

To be continued

Secrets of the Lost Races #3

Travels of Ancient Explorers!

                

FOLLOWING IN THE TRACKS OF ANCIENT EXPLORERS

THE ARK?

     The final events leading up to the Great Flood are still

shrouded in the deepest mystery. There simply are no historical

accounts other than the Bible story and the Babylonian Gilgamesh

epic that can cast adequate light on one of the most mystifying

tragedies of the ancient world. Perhaps because of this, these

two venerable traditions are to be treasured more than any other

account. Taken side by side, the stories reveal the stark terror

that swept over the darkening world as the waters increased.

The Gilgamesh epic says, "And when the storm came to an end and

the terrible waterspouts ceased, I opened the windows and the

light smote upon my face; I looked at the sea, tentatively

observing, all humanity had turned to mud, and like seaweed the

corpses floated.

     "I sat down and wept, and the tears fell upon my face."

(Lines 128-137)

     "And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth

day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat." (Genesis 8:4)

     While the convulsive waters of the Deluge swirled around the

ark, inside this stronghold existed another world all its own.

Floundering on the angry waves for a period of 150 days before

finally coming to rest on the mountains of Ararat, the ship

provided shelter and refuge for Noah's family and representatives

of the animal kingdom. Seven days after the massive door in the

side of the ship had been shut tight, the first torrential rains

and the initial shattering earthquakes from the depths of the

antediluvian seas marked the end of one world and the

beginning of another. For a full thirteen months, the survivors

lived amidst chaotic destruction, yet they themselves remained

totally preserved from the cataclysm, safely inside the

self-supporting vessel as it traveled through a hostile

environment.

     While the DIMENSIONS of the ship are still DEBATEABLE

because of the UNCERTAINTY of the length of the cubit, the

measure used in the Biblical account, most scholars maintain that

the ship's length of 300 cubits, width of 50 cubits and height of

30 cubits should be translated to read 450 by 75 by 45 feet.

     Ancient manuscripts give various interpretations of the

dimensions of the survival vessel, the oldest being Origen's

description of the ark in "Homilies on Genesis." He says,

"Judging from the description, I imagine that it had a

rectangular bottom and that the walls converged gradually as they

rose to the top, where the width was only one cubit. . . ."

Origen continues, "Given the conditions resulting from the rain

and the Deluge, a more appropriate shape could not have been

given to the ark than this narrow summit which let the rainwater

run down, like a roof, and this rectangular bottom flat on the

water, keeping the ark from pitching or sinking under the action

of the wind and the waves because of the animals' restlessness."

     But what about the specifications? you wonder. Why that

specific ratio? Why not, for example, 300 by 200 by 20, or some

other ratio? The specifications mentioned in Genesis speak of a

boxlike construction, but not a square box; however, in the

Gilgamesh epic, the ark was but a crudely designed cubic vessel

having a tendency to turn with each gust of wind as if caught in

a gigantic whirlpool.

     Noah's ark was different.

     Its length-to-breadth ratio of six to one (300 cubits to 50)

has great advantage over the cubic contraption of the Babylonian

epic. From the standpoint of stability and rolling, the ratio of

6:1 is about as nearly perfect as can be desired. Some of the

mammoth tankers of today have a ratio of 7:1. The shipbuilder I.

K. Brunel designed the ocean liner known as the "Great Britain"

in 1844. The vessel's dimensions were 322 by 51 by 32 and 1/2

feet - proportions nearly identical to the dimensions of Noah's

ark. Whereas Noah's ship ranks as the first of its kind, Brunel

had several thousand years of shipbuilding expertise to rely on,

but all the accumulated knowledge he could draw from did not give

him a better ratio than that of the ark.

     Was Noah perhaps acting on advice supplied by a technology

that had already reached its summit?

     In addition to the speculations concerning the nature and

size of its cargo, there are many other aspects of life aboard

the ark that deserve close scrutiny. It has often been thought

that the only light source on the ark was a window in the roof

which permitted the sunlight to penetrate to the interior of the

vessel; however, this would not have been very practical, First,

any free opening to the outside world would have allowed the

water to pour in profusely during the torrential rains of the

first 40 days; second, with storm clouds brewing above them,

there were probably many overcast days and therefore very little

sunlight; and third, a series of windows at the top would have

lighted only the upper deck, and that dimly, leaving the

remaining decks in darkness. If there was a light source, it had

to be contained within the vessel itself. Any open fire as a

source of light would have been out of the question. The tsohar,

powered by electricity (?), may well have been their sole means

of illumination. Here at least was something that provided a

constant light for the entire Flood voyage and that could have

been evenly dispersed on all decks.

     But what about air and potable water? Is it possible that

the ship contained its own oxygen cycle, using collected plants

as the method for air regeneration? Is it possible that Noah

actually stored oxygen on the ark to enable him and his cargo to

remain alive during the initial phase of the voyage, when the

ship was sealed airtight as a precaution against the raging

elements? If the antediluvians were familiar with hydrocarbons

such as asphalt, as indicated in the ancient records, then they

must have had the chemical proficiency to create and manipulate

liquid oxygen. It is therefore not surprising to learn that the

manufacture of oxygen was known in the immediate post-Flood era.

     In the Prince's Library of Ujjain in India, there is a

well-preserved document called the "Agastya Samshita" which dates

back to the first millennium B.C. It contains a detailed

description not only of how to construct an electric battery, but

also how to utilize this battery to "split" water into two gases

- the electrolysis of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Storing

potable water aboard the ark may have generated many problems,

for even though the various legendary accounts tell us that Noah

lived on the ship for approximately a year, no mention is made of

the food and water necessary for the sustenance of his family and

the cargo of livestock. Is it possible that the ship contained

watertight storage compartments in which these vital supplies

were kept, or did Noah perhaps employ a system that pumped water

from the sea and filtered out all impurities, thereby making it

drinkable?

     While speculation reigns when we are attempting to explain

the multiplicity of problems Noah must have encountered on his

year-long voyage into the unknown, the question of animal cargo

as cited in diverse accounts still baffles even the most

liberal-minded investigator..... different animals did board the

ark.... feeding and caring for these animals must have been a job

of unbelievable proportions. In addition, a system must have been

devised to guarantee that procreation did not occur too often,

especially among the more fertile animals, so that the danger of

overcrowding could be avoided. It is thought that perhaps the

animals' metabolic rates were lowered. If this was achieved, then

the feeding and mating would not have been so frequent. Perhaps

this was accomplished by artificial means, using the scientific

knowledge that Noah and his family possessed. Yet the lowering of

their metabolism did not eliminate the need for feeding and care.

It is possible that through some form of mechanization, a system

of chutes and troughs was used along which food and water were

distributed from the storage areas. A similar arrangement may

have disposed of animal waste, which was either stored or perhaps

ejected from the ark during the voyage. I prefer to think in

terms of the latter possibility: knowing when to feed the animals

and clean them, etc., demands a knowledge of time; however,

during the first 40 days of the Flood, when the ship was

completely shut up, there was no natural means of keeping track

of time. Despite this obstacle, Noah was able to maintain an

accurate and detailed diary of events as recorded in Genesis 7

and 8, which indicates that he may have possesse an artificial

means of measuring time, probably a mechanical device. This is

not unlikely, for at least one example of a timekeeping apparatus

from the post-Flood era has been found near Greece. It was

discovered in 1900 on the day before Easter Sunday, when sponge

divers working off the Greek island of Antikytheros located a

sunken Greek cargo vessel filled with bronze statues and other

ancient artifacts. From various inscriptions, the shipwreck

remains were dated between 80 and 50 B.C.

     Among the finds brought to the surface was a lump of

corroded bronze and wood, which was transported together with the

other artifacts to the National Museum in Athens. Several

attempts were made to unravel the mystery of the bronze and wood

mass, but all were unsuccessful. It was not until 1958 that the

unidentified rusting mass came to the attention of Dr. Derek J.

de Solla Price of Cambridge University. Using an innovative

process for restoring oxidized objects, Dr. Price was able to

salvage bits and pieces of the mass, and by combining these he

tried to rebuild the device.

     To his amazement, he discovered that the lump had contained

parts of an intricate miniature planetarium-computer fashioned

from a special bronze alloy. The reconstructed machine was a

small box containing more than twenty gearwheels intermeshed in a

complex differential system. A crank spindle set the gears in

motion at various speeds, turning pointers on three dials that

calculated the rising and setting times and phases of the moon,

and the positions of the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter

and Saturn, all with astonishing accuracy. What's more, it also

indicated the time of day.

     The Antikytheros clock's construction exceeded the technical

capabilities of the Greeks or any other recognized ancient

civilizations - yet there it was. Its underlying concept must

have originated in an earlier, still more advanced culture,

probably that of the pre-Flood world. It is significant that the

Antikytheros machine's main function was to calculate the passing

of time through simulation of the movement of the heavenly

spheres. Could there possibly be a connection with the way in

which Noah reckoned his time in Genesis 7 and 8? His calculations

also were based on the lunar calendral system, marking off the

passing of a solar year.

     We do not know, of course, what power source turned the

crank spindle of the Antikytheros machine, but it probably was

the same source that also lit the tsohar.

     We will never know exactly what measures Noah took to

preserve life during that year of confinement aboard the ark, but

occasionally information will surface concerning the fact that

somewhere there exists an account which tends to illuminate this

dark period in man's history. In the months prior to the 1950

attempt of the Oriental Archaeological Research Expedition to

find the illusive ark on Mount Ararat, the contents of a curious

exchange of letters between Dr. Aaron J. Smith, the expedition's

leader, and Dr. Philip W. Gooch were revealed, and if we ever

needed to be shaken into changing the pace of our final

arrangements for the trip to Turkey, this correspondence

certainly did it. Quoting from what he claimed were ancient

records in the possession of a Masonic order to which he

belonged, Dr. Gooch gave the following information to an

unsuspecting Dr. Smith: "There was a living witness on the ground

who covered all the fine details of what went on during the Flood

and after the Flood until her death in her 547th year," he wrote

to Smith. "She was God's living witness, Noah's daughter-in-law,

the wife of his son Japheth, a student of Methuselah, under whom

she was apprenticed, and who taught her all that had preceded the

Flood. She was educated in all the history of the human race up

to that time. Her book - she called it her diary - is filled with

things that occurred from Adam (?) to her death, and seems to me

to be the most complete record of early human history ever

recorded. Many of the problems confronting geologists today can

easily be understood after one reads Amoela's diary. At her

death, dying in the arms of her youngest son, Javan, her diary

was placed in her mummified hands in a crystal quartz case, with

tempered gold hinges and clasps, and was discovered by a

highranking Mason in the latter part of the last century. The

original and the translation are now in the possession of the

Order."

     Subsequent correspondence with Dr. Gooch did not result in

concrete evidence concerning the whereabouts of Amoela's diary,

and his death shortly thereafter widened the credibility gap even

more, as he never revealed the name or chapter of the Masonic

lodge.

(Probably because it never existed. As this is a story from the

Mason world, I doubt it is true - Keith Hunt)

     Was Amoela's diary fact or fiction? It is now evident that

we will never know the sources of Dr. Gooch's information. One

thing, however, we do know. When the great door in the side of

the ark was finally unsealed, it opened onto a totally new world,

devoid of the life that once had been and ready to receive the

life that had been preserved. The rampaging Flood waters had

swept away the great technological antediluvian civilization,

shattered it into a million pieces and deposited it in the bowels

of the earth, away from the sight of the earth's only remaining

tenants.

(As the flood was LOCAL and did not cover the entire globe [see

the studies on "Noah's flood was not Universal"] other objects of

science back then were covered over by local eathquakes, and

other natural changes in the earth's turning - Keith Hunt)

     For many centuries Christians have regarded the Mount of

Ararat in eastern Turkey as the final resting place of the ark

and the spot where the post-Flood civilization began. Only the

Genesis account of the tragedy mentions Ararat - all other

traditions are silent on this issue. This may be one of the

reasons why not all archaeologists agree that the mountain we

know today as Ararat is the same one mentioned in Noah's account

even though the Turkish name for the mountain means "Mountain of

the Ark," and the Persian name for it is translated "Mountain of

Noah." The Babylonian legend indicates that the ship was stranded

on Mount Nisir, and the Moslem world holds to the view

that Mount Djudi is the location. The latter opinion, however, is

hardly worth considering, as an increasing number of Islamic

scholars have speculated that Mount Djudi may in reality be

identical to Mount Ararat....

     At various times in history, "Armenia" and "Ararat" have

been used interchangeably to describe the same area, and even

today, Ararat is the name of the province in which the famous

mountain is located. Perhaps it is because of the many traditions

that have attached themselves to Mount Ararat that the Armenians

have always referred to the mountain as the "Mother of the

World."

     Can there be something to this? Are there perchance factors

that strengthen this traditional view of Ararat as the

springboard of the post-Flood culture'? Concerning the Genesis 10

record of the dispersion of tribes and nations in the dawning

days of Middle East history corroborating this "Mother of the

World" concept, Professor W. F. Albright, internationally

recognized as one of the leading authorities on Middle East

archaeology, says, "It stands absolutely alone in ancient

literature without a remote parallel even among the Greeks. . . .

'The Table of Nations' remains an astonishingly accurate

document. . . . [It] shows such remarkable 'modern' understanding

of the ethnic and linguistic situation in the modern world, in

spite of all its complexity, that scholars never fail to be

impressed with the author's knowledge of the subject."

     The list he refers to mentions the descendants of Noah, the

offspring of his three sons. It gives the first generation of

descendants of each son, and, what is more important, it lists

the names, which often provide us with clues to their history and

dwelling place. The first and second generations left their mark

in Egypt, Palestine, Asia Minor. Assyria, Phoenicia, Armenia, the

Persian Gulf region and lands in between. The third generation

(c. 3230-2780 B.C.) moved into Europe, Spain, southern Arabia,

Lower Egypt, Upper Egypt, the Black Sea region, and Babylonia.

The fourth generation (c. 3096-2647) made swift moves into the

area presently called Yemen, the land that subsequently was known

as the home of the Queen of Sheba. When the fifth generation

(3001-2597 B.C.) arrived on the scene. the record tells of the

descendants of Eber, meaning "pilgrim, migrant," the father of a

widely scattered people called Habiru. Very little is known about

the individual accomplishments of these people until the fifth

generation is reached. Peleg (2867-2528 B.c.), whose name means

"division, a measurement," is then mentioned, for Genesis 10:25

states, ". . . the name of one was Peleg; for in his days was the

earth divided.

GEOGRAPHY

     It is very apparent from the generation list of the sons of

Noah that the post-Flood peoples spread rapidly across the

surface of the earth. In just the second generation, the

grandchildren of the patriarch had settled in lands from Iran to

Spain, from northern Europe to Ethiopia. The following generation

and their offspring were of course even more widespread. It also

becomes obvious that in order for the Genesis 10 genealogy list

to have been composed, there must have been an advanced degree of

communication among all these people. Someone living during the

colonizing of these distant lands had the ability to correspond

with all the descendants over a relatively long period of time -

otherwise the composition of such a detailed listing as the

"Table of Nations" would have been impossible. This communication

between remote regions presupposes an early knowledge of

geography. In fact, there is ample evidence that not long after

the Deluge, the descendants of Noah carried out an extensive

survey of the entire globe, mapping and charting every continent!

     The evidence for this post-Flood survey of the earth has

been preserved in a number of medieval and Renaissance maps which

are extremely accurate - so accurate that the longitude and

latitude measurements, as well as the knowledge of the earth's

surface that is revealed, extend far beyond the capabilities of

the early historical cartographers. These cartographers admit -

and there is intrinsic proof of this in the maps - that their

maps were copies of still older maps whose origins were lost in

antiquity.

     One map in particular that has received considerable

attention is the Piri Reis chart of 1513. Piri Reis, whose actual

name was Ahmet Muhiddin, not only distinguished himself as a

captain in the Ottoman fleet of Suleiman the Magnificent, but was

also an itinerant map maker and collector. In the most famous of

his atlases, the Kitabi Bahriye, and in the notations on his 1513

chart, he revealed that he drew his maps from a composite of

twenty older maps. Eight of these maps, he claimed, were from the

time of "Alexander, Lord of the Two Horns," i.e., Alexander the

Great. He secured other maps from a captured Spanish sailor in

1501 who told Piri Reis that he had been on Christopher

Columbus's three voyages to the New World. In exchange for his

freedom, the sailor gave the Turkish captain a number of charts

which Columbus had used in locating the islands of the Western

Hemisphere. Columbus had, in effect, only rediscovered lands

which someone else had charted centuries before.

     The Bahriye Atlas remained in use after Piri Reis's death in

1554, but his chart of 1513 was lost until November 9, 1929, when

Malil Edhem, director of the Turkish National Museum, was

cleaning out debris from the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul and

discovered fragments of the old map.

     The map received scant publicity when it was found, but

copies were sent to various prominent museums. It was not until

1956 that a visiting Turkish naval officer gave a copy of it to

the U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office in Washington, D.C., where

Captain Arlington H. Mallery subjected the map to a comprehensive

analysis.

     The first extraordinary feature about the map Mallery noted

was that it showed South America and Africa in correct relative

longitude. In the sixteenth century, when the map was drawn,

longitude was found only by guesswork. It was another two hundred

years before the correct longitudinal relationship between the

two continents was established!

     Even more startling, however, was Mallery's discovery that

the map accurately showed the coastline of Queen Maud Land in

Antarctica - even though the map was drawn in 1513, and the

southern continent's existence was not verified until 1819! But

there was more. Mallery found that the islands and bays of the

depicted coastline are the same as they appear below the

antarctic ice sheet, as recently revealed by seismic echo

soundings.

     In 1957 the map was presented to Reverend Daniel Lineham, S.

J., director of the Western Observatory of Boston College, who

had participated in an expedition to Antarctica. After careful

examination, Lineham reached the same conclusion as Mallery: the

Piri Reis map pictured, in great detail, regions scarcely

explored today, including an antarctic mountain range that

remained undiscovered by modern researchers until 1952. The

unavoidable conclusion was that Piri Reis must have possessed

charts drawn by someone who had mapped Antarctica before the ice

cap covered the southern continent. The Piri Reis map could not

have been a hoax, for no one in 1929, let alone in 1513, could

have reproduced the geographical knowledge this chart contained.

     Following a radio broadcast about the map made by

cartographer Walters of the U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office in

Washington, D.C., and Mallery and Lineham, the subject came to

the attention of Professor Charles H. Hapgood. Working with

mathematician Richard W. Strachan and students at Keene State

College, Professor Hapgood conducted a most meticulous

cartographical analysis of the map and other charts of the

Renaissance. Professor Hapgood's examination resulted in a number

of startling observations, each one of which augments the mystery

of the map's origin.

1.   The center of the Piri Reis map is located at the

intersection of the meridian of Alexandria - 30 degrees East

longitude - and the Tropic of Cancer. Because all the ancient

Greek geographers based their maps on the meridian of Alexandria,

its use as a center on the Piri Reis chart confirms Reis's

statement that a number of the source maps he used dated back to

the Alexandrian period.

2.   Another indication of Greek influence in the map was the

discovery that the map projection was based on an overestimate of

4 and 1/2 per cent in the circumference of the earth. Only one

geographer in the ancient world had made that overestimation -

the Greek Eratosthenes.

     When the Piri Reis map grid was redrawn to correct the

Eratosthenes error, all existing longitude errors on the map were

thereby reduced to almost zero. As Hapgood noted, this could only

mean that the Greek cartographers, when they prepared their maps

using the circumference of Eratosthenes, had before them source

maps which had been drawn without the Eratosthenes error - in

fact without error at all! The conclusion is obvious: the

geographical knowledge which Piri Reis incorporated into his 1513

map ultimately originated not with the Greeks but with an earlier

people who possessed a more advanced science of map making than

even the Greeks!

3.   The map as a whole reveals a remarkable accuracy of

longitude and latitude measurements. In Piri Reis's day,

instruments enabling a navigator to find correct longitude were

nonexistent. Not until the invention of the chronometer in 1765

were accurate longitude readings possible. Determination of

latitude, however, involves precise astronomical observation, but

conspicuous differences are evident when it is done by trained

men rather than by adventuresome explorers. On his first voyage

to the New World, for example, Columbus made no longitudinal

measurements and attempted only three for latitude which

incidentally were all incorrect. For almost one hundred years

after that famous voyage, European map makers, using the

guesswork of the explorers, placed such large islands as Cuba and

Hispaniola above rather than below the Tropic of Cancer!

     In contrast, not only are the Caribbean, Spanish, African

and South American coasts on the Piri Reis map in correct

positions relative to each other, but even such isolated land

areas as the Cape Verde Islands, the Azores, and the Canary

Islands are accurately situated by latitude and longitude - the

first two without error and the last within less than a degree.

     Hapgood commented that there simply is no way to explain the

sophistication of the Piri Reis map in terms of the comparative

ignorance of sixteenth-century cartographers. The map bears

irrefutable testimony to a scientific achievement far surpassing

the abilities of the navigators and map makers of the

Renaissance, the Middle Ages, the Arab world, or any of the

ancient geographers. It is the product of an unknown people

antedating recognized history.

4.   The Piri Reis chart depicts the Caribbean region at right

angles to its normal (Mercator) position, and South America

appears stretched out. Hapgood contends that the original source

maps from which the Piri Reis map was made must have been drawn

using a circular grid based on spherical trigonometry, with the

focal point situated in Egypt. Testing this hypothesis, the

Hydrographic Office of the U.S. Navy drew a modern map using the

same grid, and in such a construction the Caribbean indeed

appeared at right angles and South America was elongated. This

type of circular projection was not fully developed in Europe

until centuries after the map was drawn. Piri Reis revealed his

unfamiliarity with such a projection by treating the land area of

the original as a flat Mercator-type relief and shifting and

splicing the original grid to compensate for the curvature! The

Piri Reis map also shows islands and several locations along the

Central and South American coast which were either briefly

explored but not accurately positioned or not discovered at all

prior to 1513. These include the Isle of Pines, Andros Island,

San Salvador, Jamaica and others. Farther down the coast of South

America, the chart shows the mouths of the Amazon and the island

of Marajo, correctly shaped and perfectly located in longitude

and latitude.

     Undoubtedly, the most intriguing feature of the Piri Reis

map is the coastline of Antarctica, showing the region of Queen

Maud Land. Modern seismic maps disclose that this coast is a

rugged one, with numerous mountain chains and individual peaks

breaking through the present levels of ice. The Piri Reis map

shows the same type of coast, but without the ice. In one

instance, Mallery discovered two bays on the Piri Reis map where

the seismic map showed land; however, when the experts were asked

to check their measurements, they found that the

sixteenth-century map was correct after all.

     What is the ultimate conclusion of the cartographers?

Professor Hapgood and others see no way of reconciling the

cartography of 1513 with the data on the controversial Piri Reis

map concerning the geography of Antarctica. They concur that the

chart indicates that someone possessing measuring techniques

which were not employed in Europe until the nineteenth century

mapped Antarctica before the continent was covered with ice. Core

samples taken in the Ross Sea off the Antarctic coast in 1949 by

the Byrd Expedition reveal that there was indeed a time in the

distant past when fine-grain sediments were deposited, indicating

an ice-free coast and rivers that conveyed silt down to the sea.

Surprisingly enough, the much-analyzed Piri Reis map is not the

only map to evince a futuristic knowledge of the earth in remote

history. 

     The Orontius Fineus map of 1531 shows rivers in Antarctica

where today mile-thick glaciers flow; the Hadji Ahmed map of 1559

depicts the Ice Age land bridge that existed between Siberia and

Alaska. The Zeno brothers, in 1380, may have accurately pictured

the topography of Greenland below the northern icecap, while the

Andrea Benincasa map of 1508 indicates that northern Europe was

covered by the farthest advance of the Ice Age glaciation.

     The only realistic conclusion one can reach on the basis of

the accumulative evidence of the medieval maps is that they all

have their origin in source maps constructed by an advanced

civilization antedating any of the known ancient cultures. Years

before the Egyptian, Babylonian, Greek and Roman civilizations

existed, at a time when the Antarctic and Arctic were just

beginning to feel the advance of the unyielding sheets of glacial

ice, this unknown culture possessed a knowledge of cartography

comparable to what we have today. These people knew the correct

size of the earth; they used spherical trigonometry in their

mathematical measurements; and they utilized ultramodern

cartographical projections. In addition to their science, these

surveyors must also have had at their disposal an advanced form

of technology - instruments, and trained specialists to use them,

for measuring longitude and latitude. The pre-ancient

civilization of the past, Professor Hapgood concludes, must have

been organized and directed on a global scale.

     In order to place these findings on this ancient universal

survey within the historical framework, as endorsed by Professor

Albright, we must carry our assumptions a little further by

saying that this survey had to have been made shortly after the

Flood (when the land masses were left in their present forms),

but before the ice began to accumulate at the poles.

[NO, these old maps based upon older maps etc. were originally done

BEFORE Noah's flood. As Noah's flood was regional and not global,

these ancient first maps would still be in existence up to and after 

the life time of Noah. The ice sheets of the North and South Poles

were probably not as much as they became over time, but the animals

we have today in the North Pole, were created and put there from the 

beginning of the creation of Genesis 1. Certainly adaptation does

happen in the DNA, hence the Penguins of the South Pole adapted

as more and more ice came and the drop in temperature ensued -

the South Pole becoming the coldest area on earth; these Penguins

have adapted to withstand such unreal cold temperatures. The creatures

of the North Pole adapted also to more ice and cold temperatures; the 

huge problem for them now is the "shrinking" of ice and warmer 

temperatures, and shorter winters, earlier springs and summers - 

Keith Hunt]

     In Genesis 10:25 we meet a descendant of Noah called Peleg

who was given his name because "in his day was the earth

divided." The usual interpretation of this passage is that it

refers to the division of nations; however, it could also mean

division as in "allotment, marking off an area, a measurement." A

more accurate translation of this historical passage could

therefore read, "Peleg, in his day was the earth measured, or

surveyed." Even more perplexing is that the record indicates that

there have been others equally involved in this cartographic

process. Mizraim, a grandson of Noah, comes to mind as one who

may have shared responsibility of charting the world. His name

means "to delineate, to draw up a plan, to make a

representation," especially in association with measuring

distances. Mizraim was the founder of ancient Egypt. It is

significant to note that at least two of the Renaissance maps

showing advanced knowledge, the Piri Reis chart and the Reinal

chart, dating back to 1510, were based on a circular projection

with the focal point in Egypt.

     A third descendant of Noah who presumably also participated

in the mapping of the globe was Almodad, whose name, when

translated from the Hebrew, means "measurer." In the Chaldean

Paraphrase of Jonathan there is preserved an ancient tradition

which tells that he was the "inventor of geometry," "qui

mensurbat terran finibus" - "who measured the earth to its

extremities." Almodad is regarded as a progenitor of the southern

Arabians. Is there a connection between him and the fact that

many of the Renaissance maps revealed peculiarities of the

earth's geography which were first noticed by the Arabs, when

taken from ancient sources never fully identified?

     The relationship between Peleg, Mizraim and Almodad may be

even closer than at first suspected. According to the record,

their lifespans overlap, so that the mapping process, covering

perhaps the entire period from 2800 B.C. to 2500 B.C., a span of

300 years, was extended over enough years to be total and

complete. This conclusion is backed by what we find in the

Renaissance maps. It does not leave room for speculation, for

among the maps of Antarctica, for example, the Bauche map of 1737

(copied from an older Greek map) shows the continent completely

free of ice; the Orontius Fineus map of 1531 indicates that the

center of the continent was beginning to fill with ice when its

source maps were drawn, but the Piri Reis chart of 1513 and the

Mercator chart of 1569 picture only the Antarctic coast left

uncovered by glaciers. It is therefore apparent that Antarctica

was surveyed not once but several times, before and during the

period the southern polar icecap spread over the continent. In

the Zeno brothers' map of 1339, Greenland is shown free of

glaciers as it was prior to the Ice Age, while Ptolemy's map of

the North depicts a glacial sheet advancing across south-central

Greenland, and at the same time it shows glaciers retreating from

northern Germany and southern Sweden. This could only have come

from the findings of surveying parties that tracked the areas

before, during, and after the Ice Age.

     The world contains a treasure of evidence pointing toward

unceasing activity on the part of geographers, surveyors and

scientifically oriented explorers during the gray dawn of

post-Flood development.

[As Canada has always been a country with long and cold winters,

so it is for some Northern Europe countries---- Norway, Sweden, 

Finland, and at times in areas of Germany. It could well be that

ancient pre-flood, and post-flood mapping, done by people

wandering over those lands in winter, as well as summer,

and the land base of Greenland, like a scooped out huge dish would 

accumulate deposits of snow and ice as the centuries moved on to 

where it became a huge ice ball when the Vikings discovered it.

The land geography of all other northern hemisphere countries

was and is totally different from Greenland, that up to the last 40

years has retained its huge ice and snow sheet, but is today,

because of global warming loosing its ice sheet - Keith Hunt]

Other Evidence of Post-Flood Geographical Surveys

     The scope of the surveying techniques developed by the

ancients should not be underestimated. The sacred Hindu books,

the Puranas, refer to direct communication between India and

distant places around the world. The Indians were well acquainted

with western Europe, which they called Varaha-Dwipa. England was

known to them as Sweta Saila, or "the Island of the White

Cliffs"; and Hiranya or Ireland, as the Irish legends relate, was

visited by the Dravidians, a group of men from India. The Irish

say that they stayed for only a brief time and had come as

surveyors, not invaders. But the Indian books go far beyond

western Europe in their recollection. They describe North

America, the Arctic Ocean, South and Central America, and other

locations. Detailed research into the background of the ancient

Sumerians has also provided us with some fascinating information

which tends to connect the twelve zodiacal constellations with

the characteristics of the lands found in the directions of those

constellations. North-northwest of Sumer, toward Capricorn the

Goat, is the Caucasus region known in ancient times for its wild

mountain goats, and especially for its domesticated goats, which

were exported to Sumer. To the northwest is Aquarius the Water

Bearer, and in this direction are Asia Minor and the source of

the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. In mythology, the special god of

a river was always pictured as replenishing the source by pouring

water into it. Pisces the Fish was found west-northwest, toward

the Canaanite and Phoenician coasts, famous for their fishermen

and bountiful catches - and so it continues with the other

constellations. There was always a connection between the sign of

the zodiac and the lands found in its direction, and when

contemplating the geographical knowledge demonstrated by the

zodiac and the countries it represents, one must conclude that

during a very early period in their history the Sumerians were

familiar with lands as distant as North Africa, India, Ethiopia,

the plains of southern Russia, even including all of the eastern

Mediterranean and western Asia . . . certainly far beyond the

accomplishments of a people often regarded as "primitive"

ancients.

Evidence of a World Survey in Egypt

     Serious consideration must be given to the involvement of

Mizraim with the world survey that was conducted after the Flood.

We know from Egyptian history that Mizraim is regarded as the

forefather of all Egyptians, and it is significant that the

secular records of Egypt testify that from a very early period

the Egyptians were indeed knowledgeable about land measurements

and practiced sophisticated surveying techniques.

     Livio Catullo Stecchini, one of the world's foremost

authorities on ancient measures, discovered a peculiar hieroglyph

that appeared on all the thrones of the pharaohs, beginning at

the Fourth Dynasty. The hieroglyph is composed of knotted ropes

symbolizing the union of Upper and Lower Egypt at the thirtieth

parallel, where the southernmost tip of the Nile Delta crosses

the meridian 31 30' east of Greenwich, which appears to have

been established as the prime meridian of Egypt in unknown

antiquity. At the bottom of the hieroglyph are three pairs of

horizontal lines of different lengths, depicting the three sets

of values which the Egyptians gave the Tropic of Cancer. The

middle line represented the conventional tropical latitude of 24

the lower line symbolized the actual latitude of 23   51', and the

top line lay at the latitude of 24  6'. This last latitude, being

15' north of the true line, is important because 15' is half the

diameter of the sun, which shows that the Egyptians understood

that it is not the center of the sun but rather its outer rim

which must be observed for geodetic survey. Precisely where 24

6' crosses the Nile, on the island of Elephantine opposite Aswan,

the Egyptians had an important astronomical observatory.

     Many significant cities of Egypt, it appears, were built in

relation to the established prime meridian of Egypt and the

Tropic of Cancer. The predynastic capital of Lower Egypt, Buto,

was located precisely on the prime meridian, 31  30', near the

mouth of the Nile. Memphis, the first capital of unified Egypt,

was also placed on the prime meridian, at 29  51' - exactly 6

north of the Tropic of Cancer. In the Twelfth Dynasty the capital

was moved once again, this time to Thebes. A new central meridian

for Egypt had been established at 32  38' east which paralleled

the eastern edge of the Nile Delta. Thebes was located where the

meridian touched an eastward bend in the Nile at 258 42' 5"

north. What is amazing is that this parallel is almost exactly

2/7 the distance between the equator and the North Pole.

     The survey work of the Egyptians left its mark not only on

the land of the Nile but throughout the rest of the ancient world

as well. Stecchini has found that such early capitals as Nimrud

in Mesopotamia, Sardis in Asia Minor, Susa in Persia, and even

Anyang in China were established in relationship to the earliest

prime meridian of Egypt. In terms of latitude, Delphi and Dodona,

the two most important oracular shrines in early Greece, were

also founded in relation to Egyptian measurement, being 7 and 8

respectively, north of Buto.

     Stecchini believes that when Alexander the Great destroyed

Heliopolis, the center of Egyptian science, and replaced it with

his own center at Alexandria, he may have destroyed the last

vestiges of Egyptian survey knowledge. Far from being the great

men of science they were for so long thought to have been, the

later Alexandrian Greek geographers did nothing more than revive

in part the advanced science of geography that had preceded them.

Evidence of a World Survey in China

     Among the early Chinese we find evidence that they too

possessed advanced knowledge obtained from the geographical

survey of the world taken soon after the Flood. One of the oldest

Chinese literary works that has survived is called the "Shan Hai

King," The Classic of Mountains and Seas," a treatise on

geography. Its authorship is ascribed to "the great Yu," who

became Emperor in 2208 B.C., and the date for the writing of the

treatise is approximately 2250 B.C. about a century after the

death of Almodad, the seventh-generation descendant of Noah who

"measured the earth to its extremities." For several hundred

years after its writing, the Shan Hai King was regarded as a

scientific work, but during the third century B.C., when many

Chinese records were reevaluated and condensed, it was discovered

that the geographical knowledge it contained did not correspond

to any lands known at that time. Thus, the Shan Hai King was

reclassified as myth and was relegated to an unimportant position

in Chinese literature.

     Within the past few years, however, several portions of the

Shan Hai King have been reexamined, and the information they

contain has altered many previous assumptions concerning the

treatise. In the Fourth Book, entitled "The Classic of Eastern

Mountains," are four sections describing mountains located

"beyond the Eastern Sea" - on the other side of the Pacific

Ocean. Each section begins by depicting the geographical features

of a certain mountain - its height, shape, mineral deposits,

surrounding rivers and types of plants and vegetation - then

gives the direction and distance to the next mountain, and so on,

until the narrative ends. By following these clues and the

directions and distances provided, much as one would a road map,

investigators have discovered that these sections describe in

detail the topography of western and central North America.

     The first section begins on the Sweetwater River and

proceeds southeast to Medicine Bow Peak in Wyoming; then to Longs

Peak, Grays Peak, Mount Princeton, and Blanca Peak in Colorado;

to North Truchas Peak, Manzano Peak, and Sierra Blanca in New

Mexico; then to Guadalupe Peak, Baldy Peak, and finally Chinati

Peak, near the Rio Grande in Texas.

     The second section describes an expedition over an even more

expansive area. It begins in Manitoba, at Hart Mountain near Lake

Winnepeg, and proceeds to Moose Mountain in Saskatchewan; it goes

from there to Sioux Pass (between Andes and Fairview) in Montana;

to Wolf Mountain and Medicine Bow Peak in Wyoming; to Longs Peak,

Mount Harvard, and Summit Peak in Colorado; then to Chicoma Peak,

Baldy Peak, Cooks Peak, and Animas Peak in New Mexico; then on

into Mexico, describing the Madero, Pamachic, Culiacan and

Triangulo heights, reaching the Pacific Coast near Mazatlan.

     The third section is a tour of the mountains along the

Pacific Coast: Mount Fairweather and Mount Burkett in Alaska;

Prince Rupert and Mount Waddington in British Columbia; Mount

Olympus in Washington; Mount Hood in Oregon; and Mount Shasta,

Los Gatos, and Santa Barbara in California.

     The fourth and last section covers several peaks in a small

area: Mount Rainier in Washington; Mount Hood, Bachelor Mountain,

Gearhart Mountain, Mahogany Peak, and Crane Mountain in Oregon;

and Trident Peak and Capitol Peak in Nevada.

     Not only is "The Classic of Eastern Mountains" a

geographical survey, but the accounts in each section give the

observations and experiences of the surveyors, from picking up

black opals and gold nuggets in Nevada to watching the seals

sporting on the rocks in San Francisco Bay. They were even amused

by a strange animal who avoided its enemies by pretending to be

dead: the native American opossum.

     Other portions of the Shan Hai King, specifically the Ninth

and Fourteenth books, also describe regions in North America. One

notable description given in the Fourteenth Book is of a

"luminous" or "great canyon," "a stream flowing in a bottomless

ravine," in the "place where the sun in born." Anyone who has

witnessed a sunrise in the Grand Canyon will know what the early

surveyors had seen. Still other parts of the Shan Hai King,

currently under investigation, are said to be accounts of

explorations farther to the east, in the Great Lakes and the

Mississippi Valley areas.

     It is very evident from the accuracy of the geographical

details and the personal observations in the Shan Hai King that

an extensive scientific survey of the North American continent

was made by the Chinese almost 4, 500 years ago.

A World Survey - A World LANGUAGE

     After the initial inquiries into the Shan Hai King were

begun, it was noticed that along many of the routes which the

surveyors of North America took, there existed several examples

of rock drawings. The most notable are Writing Rock near Grenora,

North Dakota, and Writing-on-Stone in Alberta, Canada. Yet

another rock script occurs in British Columbia, and petroglyph

expert Philip Thornburg was the first to recognize among the

stone pictures a carving of a sisutl - the Chinese dragon.

Thornburg observed, "There does seem to be an Oriental background

to them. Since they are carved in sandstone, it's virtually

impossible to say what age they are. I've found some that were

buried under a foot of topsoil. Now this wasn't the kind of

topsoil that would have washed over them. This was formed there,

placing the age of the carving around five to seven thousand

years which is really ancient for this country." Thornburg

discovered one petroglyph on Vancouver Island that had had a hole

worn through it by dripping water, proof that it had been there

for some time.

     William and Mae Marie Coxon, amateur archaeologists, have

spent the last decade studying the Canadian and other petroglyphs

found around the world. The conclusion of their research has been

that at a very remote period in human history a group of people

they call the Stone-Writers left their traces on every continent.

     By careful comparison, the Coxons discovered 241 special

sequences of particular geometric signs and symbols. The

distribution of examples of these sequences was 201 in the Middle

East, 171 in the Far East, and 131 in the Americas. By dating the

petroglyph remains in the Nile Valley to compare with the later

Egyptian civilization, the Coxons were able to date the

Stone-Writers' appearance as being about 1,500 years before the

rise of Egypt.

     From the drawings themselves, the two researchers were able

to describe the Stone-Writers as average to above average in

height, wearing short kilts that came to the knees, much like the

ancient Egyptian laborers. They must have possessed great

strength and endurance to have penetrated into the inhospitable

terrain where many of their glyphs were found. The Coxons are

convinced that the Stone-Writers were not barbaric hunters or

nomads but an intelligent people who were systematic in what they

did; the symbols had meaning and purpose in their repetition and

locations. The Coxons note, "They traveled the oceans, or at

least the coastlines, and they penetrated far up into the

continents along the rivers. . . . Along the streams, lakes and

ocean shores, they left guide signs to mark the way for others

who followed them. . . ." The Stone-Writers were thus explorers

and geographers, probably the very same explorers and geographers

who charted the world after the Flood.

     The Coxons' work in symbols is being verified by a number of

other researchers. English archaeologist S. F. Hood, after

studying tablets at the prehistoric site of Tartaria in Rumania,

discovered correlations between the tablet symbols there and

those found in Crete, Iraq, Egypt, and the Balkan countries. His

conclusion was that a system of signs was used over an extensive

area 6,000 years ago. N. Vlassa, of the Museum of Cluj, supports

these findings with discoveries of his own. Almost identical

symbols from the same time period appear at Vinca and Tordos in

Rumania, at Troy, and on the Aegean island of Melos. On the basis

of his own research and that of his colleagues, Hood believes

that a single system of glyphs originated from Iraq or some other

country in the Middle East and were disseminated from there over

a wide area in a very short time. Oswald O. Tobisch, in his work

Kult Symbol Schrift, has carried the research a step further and,

like the Coxons, sees striking parallels in symbols in Africa,

Europe, Asia and America.

     Symbols left on rocks and tablets for others presupposes

communication by language.

     Significant research into language usage in the past has

been done by the Irish etymologist John Philip Cohane. More

specifically, Cohane has concentrated his efforts over the last

several decades on a detailed study of the origins of words in

almost every language around the world. He has discovered that

many words contain similar root words or root combinations beyond

what mere chance would permit. These reappearing roots, Cohane

discovered early in his study, all have their origin in the

Middle East and either figure prominently in Semitic legend or

are found in the Old Testament, notably in Genesis. Cohane

commented concerning these widely dispersed root words, "This is

not to say there may not be a more logical, even earlier, point

of origin than the Semites, but if so I have not been able to

find it. On the basis of the evidence, it would seem that a high

percentage of the people of the earth today are far more closely

related than is generally assumed and that they are bound

together by at least one early blood stream that is Semitic in

origin."

     Later in his research Cohane was able to establish that

there had been two major dispersals of peoples from the Middle

East in the distant past, each group taking with it a previously

established group of root words. The second of these was heavily

concentrated in a limited area of the world: the Mediterranean

basin, Europe, Africa, parts of Asia, the West Indies and Brazil.

The first dispersal, however, though its traces are less apparent

today than those of the second, covered the entire world, in a

very short time, in Cohane's opinion. He says, "If one puts a

charted overlay containing only the first group of names on top

of a map of the world and then puts on top of that another

charted overlay containing only the second group of names, the

most logical conclusion is that, in prehistoric times, instead of

one there were two dispersions from the Mediterranean, the first

truly worldwide, the second petering out along the eastern coast

of the Americas in one direction, [and] in Japan, the

Philippines, Australia, and New Zealand in the other direction.

Again, there may be a more logical conclusion to be drawn from

the data, but if so, I have not been able to think of one. And

again . . . all the key names in both groups have prominent

origin points in Semitic legends and mythology, as well as known

Semitic place names."

     These findings tell us several things. The discovery of

symbol and word dispersals from a common point of origin

somewhere in the Middle East fully corroborates the historical

Genesis record and its story of the dispersal of nations from one

point. The worldwide language wave is also indicative of the

ancient geographical survey of the world, as established by the

maps found in Renaissance times. A great number of the

significant roots were found by Cohane in geographical names. For

those who seek in this a confirmation of the Biblical story, the

Genesis 11:1 description of the conditions following the Deluge

is interesting: "And the whole earth was one language, and one

speech." Cohane's second language dispersal might well be

identical with the language disturbance that followed the

confusion at the Tower of Babel, as mentioned in Genesis 11:7.

The Reason for a World Survey - The Earth's Magic Lines

     It is quite evident that soon after the Flood and before and

after the language disorder, between the second and seventh

post-Deluge generations (c. 3100-2500 B.C.), the descendants of

Noah undertook a geographic survey and exploration of the entire

world's surface, leaving their traces in the form of maps,

symbols and place names. This was most assuredly accomplished

with knowledge preserved from the antediluvian era, yet why was

it done? Why did the ancients undertake such a momentous task?

Why did they decide on this type of adventure ...

     There are some obvious explanations. As Noah and his family

stepped down from their survival vessel, they looked upon a world

totally alien to them. All the familiar landmarks had

disappeared. Forests were gone, rugged mountain peaks faced them

on all sides, and from the murky waters below rose the foul

stench of decay. The earth that they once had known was now wiped

completely clean of any previous civilization. It was as if they

had landed on another planet.

[That was indeed so for their area of the world---- it was in many

ways, GONE! But as Noah's flood was local not global, all the 

rest of the world was pretty much the same; so going out to 

explore the world after Noah, they would find what was already

there from the time of Genesis 1 and God's work of bringing

the land above the waters covering the whole earth - Keith Hunt]

     As the new generations were born and grew up on the

foothills of Mount Ararat, their innate curiosity concerning this

new land forced them to venture out into the hinterland, to

explore for fertile valleys, plains and forests. The record shows

that those early generations were well aware that they were the

fathers of future nations, for their names often denoted their

professions or the geographical areas they occupied. They moved

out with stubborn insistence, initiating the first "land grab" in

history, staking out their territories, and when they found an

area which was suitable to become the home of a nation, they

settled and laid claim to the newly acquired territory, reserving

it for their children and their children's children.... The

natural inclination of the post-Deluge generations would be to

search for these treasure-troves. 

     Professor Hapgood suggests still another reason. He believes

that the mapping of a continent on such a vast scale, as with

Antarctica, requiring much organization, numerous exploring

expeditions and many stages of data compilation, must have been

motivated by a powerful reason. He feels that economic gain may

have been this reason; yet, the exploratory expeditions did more

than merely discover and cultivate new areas; they actually

divided the earth into parcels of land, with each one bounded by

what are now called ley lines.

     Until a warm summer afternoon in the early 1920s, there was

no indication other than the historical Genesis record that this

ever occurred. Alfred Watkins, a merchant whose hobby was

prehistory, was riding horseback through the Bredwardine hills

near Hereford, England. On reaching the summit of a grassy

hillock, he rested, letting his eyes gaze over the tranquil

English landscape. Suddenly he saw something he'd never noticed

before. Several church steeples were aligned straight across the

countryside. Knowing that these churches had been constructed on

the sites of prehistoric sanctuaries, he wondered whether it was

possible that they had once been linked by an invisible web of

lines. While still pondering this question, he suddenly realized

that not only ancient temples, but also mounds, old standing

stones, crosses, crossroads, sacred trees, moats and sacred wells

also stood on the same lines!

     Racing home, Watkins painstakingly marked all the ancient

sites and monuments he knew from his studies onto a one-inch

ordnance map, and even though finding five or six points in

alignment would have been beyond mere chance, he found himself

confronted with eight, nine and even more points, all stretching

out in precisely straight lines! Carrying his initial research a

step further, he compared his points to positions on other maps

he had marked, and discovered that the lines could be extended

for miles and miles, usually ending at a mountain peak or a high

cliff. Aided by a friend, Watkins undertook a detailed survey of

all England and Scotland and everywhere they found further traces

of a prehistoric network of dead-straight alignments that had

once extended over the entire island.

     Building on the accomplishments of Watkins, Major H. Taylor

of the British Army set out, accompanied by a professional

surveyor, to do an even more detailed study of the strange

alignments. Taylor discovered more landmarks previously not

known, or at least not recorded in modern times. His findings

were eventually published in a small book entitled "The Geometric

Arrangement of Ancient Sites." But if he thought he'd have a

publishing first, he was mistaken, for a year prior to the

emergence of his book, a German geographer, Dr. Heinish, had

already presented a paper dealing with the same discoveries

before an international congress held at Amsterdam. Delivering

his paper, "Principles of Prehistoric Cult Geography," he

proposed to a hushed audience that at one time in the distant

past a magical principle had existed by which holy sites were

situated. They were placed, he submitted, on lines that were

constructed in relation to the positions of the sun, moon and

planets. In addition he claimed he had uncovered evidence that

the units of measurement used to construct these lines were, like

those of the early Egyptian geodetic surveys, based on simple

fractions of the earth's dimensions. He had found examples of

these lines not only in Britain but all over Europe and the

Middle East. Greatly impressed by the vast extent and accuracy of

the construction of these lines, Heinish concluded that they bore

testimony to the past existence of a widespread civilization that

possessed advanced knowledge of both technology and magic.

     Beyond the boundaries of Britain, the lines have been found

in nearly every corner of the globe, and strangely enough,

associated with them were numerous stories of a flow of magic

energy! Ireland has many legends of fairy paths, along which

fairies and other spiritual beings are supposed to travel at

specific times of the year. Yet today these same "magic" routes

have become well-worn roads and footpaths. In his book "The Fairy

Faith of Celtic Countries," J. D. EvansWentz recalls how an old

Irish seer explained to him that mysterious currents flow along

the paths, but that their exact nature has been forgotten.

     Similar research conducted by Xavier Guichard strongly

supported the findings of the British and German investigators.

Referring to several old cities in his native France, Guichard

said, "These cities were established in very ancient times

according to immutable astronomical lines, determined first in

the sky, then transferred to the earth at regular intervals, each

equal to a 360th part of the globe."

     Evidence that these lines existed in remote history can be

found in ancient literature. For example, in their conquest of

the Etruscans, the early Romans noted standing stones set in

linear patterns over the entire countryside of Tuscany. Later,

during the Latin invasions of Greece, they recounted the fact

that "stone pillars" were found running straight and true along

the roads through the hilly Hellenic landscape. The Romans were

not particularly surprised at finding these straight tracks, for

they had discovered them in almost every country they subjugated:

across Europe, North Africa, Crete, and as far west as the

regions of ancient Babylon and Nineveh. We now recognize that the

Romans' reputation as builders of straight thoroughfares was

partly attributable to their simply utilizing sacred lines that

existed long before their conquests, and which they then

transformed into military and commercial routes. Even today, the

Bedouins of North Africa use the line system marked out by

standing stones and cairns to help them traverse the desert

wastes. When were these stones erected?

     The nomads shake their heads when asked this question, for

even though they need the markers for survival, they know nothing

of their origin.

     While the lines have been forgotten in most countries, in

other parts of the world the prehistoric line system is still

being used. One such system exists in the interior of Australia

among the aborigines, who tell of a past age, which they call

"dream time," when the "creative gods" traversed the country and

"reshaped" the land to conform to important paths called

turingas. At certain times of the year, they say, the turingas

become revitalized by the energies flowing through them, giving

new life to the adjacent countryside.

     To ensure that this ancient fertilization still takes place,

the aborigines gather at specific locations during certain times

of the year, perform the ritualistic dances that have been

dictated by the passing time, and pray to the force of the lines.

They actually receive messages over vast distances and are

forewarned of the approach of strangers - all through their

system of magic lines. 

     On the other side of the globe, as recently as the sixteenth

century, the Incas used similar spirit lines with the Inca Temple

of the Sun in Cuzco as their hub, but no one nation has valued

the reported existence of these lines so much as the Chinese.

     Until the latter part of the nineteenth century, the Chinese

practiced an art called fung-shui, or "wind and water," which

means "what cannot be seen and cannot be grasped." The duty of

the practitioners of fung-shui was to determine the flow of

lungmei, or "dragon currents," and interpret their influence in

the regions they passed through. Every building, stone and

planted tree was so placed in the Chinese landscape as to conform

to the mysterious dragon currents that flowed along the lines.

The main paths of the forces, the Chinese believed, were

determined by the routes of the sun, moon and five major planets

across the heavens. The dragon currents controlled Chinese life

to a great extent, and in the feudal days of China, the Emperor

would emphasize the country's dependence on the mysterious force

by climbing an artificial mound called Col Hill near Peking

several times a year to measure both the planetary and

terrestrial energies and to fuse the two for the benefit of the

land. Some researchers contend that this was an attempt to

combine magic with reality.

     The ancient legends of earth currents which are affected by

planetary motions and which in turn affect fertility are not

fantasy or religious superstition; they are based on very real

scientific principles. We are only beginning to realize today

that the entire surface of the earth is bathed in the energy of

the earth's magnetic field and that this field is subject to

certain influences from above and below. The strength and

direction of the magnetic currents vary according to the

positions of the sun, moon and the closer planets in much the

same way as the ebb and flow of the tides take place according to

the position of the moon. At the same time, characteristics of

magnetic currents are also influenced by the terrain over which

they flow. A flat landscape exhibits placid and regular activity,

while rocky or broken land shows disturbed behavior. Magnetic

flows are especially agitated over the geologic faults over which

many of the prehistoric ley lines have been found.

     While some investigators are studying the variations of

current on the earth's surface, others are attempting to discover

what effects these same currents have on certain nonliving and

living components. After exhaustive research, involving 200,000

experiments over ten years, Giorgio Piccardi, Director of the

Institute for Physical Chemistry in Florence, Italy, has

concluded that water is extremely sensitive to electromagnetic

fields, and that as the fields are changed or influenced, so the

chemistry of water may be altered. Piccardi also found that since

the earth's energy field is subject to change by changes in the

positions of the sun and moon, chemical reactions using water as

a base also change accordingly. The Florentine chemist's work has

been verified by W. H. Fisher of the National Center for

Atmospheric Research of Boulder, Colorado, who noted further that

since water is the liquid of life, electromagnetic fluctuations

could thus affect growth. Drs. A. A. Boe and D. K. Salunkhe,

horticulturists at Utah State University, have come up with

significant results. When green tomatoes, for example, were

placed within a magnetic field, they ripened four to six times

faster than under normal conditions. The researchers also noted

that seeds of a variety of plants grew many times faster than

usual when they had been placed in a current. More recent

research has uncovered not only that the living plant is

stimulated, but that currents also affect the soil in which the

plant grows. The movement of galactic bodies, it now appears,

causes certain magnetic fluctuations which in turn increase the

fertility of plants as the chemistry of the mineral content of

the soil is changed.

     Of course we are only beginning to understand the principles

behind celestial and terrestrial magnetic influences on the

earth's surface, but it seems that people in centuries past not

only knew these principles but applied them for their own

benefit. 

     First, these early people must have had the scientific

knowledge to be aware of the currents' existence, so they

developed a technology for detecting those currents. 

     Second, they must have possessed the end product of a

tremendous body of research and experimentation that covered

centuries, perhaps, and by which they knew how to manipulate the

currents toward a predictable result. We can only guess at this

from what remains of the earlier culture, for we ourselves have

not yet reached that level in our understanding. It appears that

the currents began at certain natural energy "springs" in the

earth, which were later marked as religious sites, and from here

the currents were directed to specific centers, towers or mounds

- where they were gathered and from which they were eventually

dissipated to the surrounding countryside. Astronomical

observation was of paramount importance, for only by a constant

watch over the celestial movements could the waxing and waning of

the currents be measured and anticipated.

     Directing the magnetic currents seems to have been

accomplished by the placement of the standing stones along the

ley lines. Throughout recorded history, special powers have been

attributed to many of these stones by local traditions. A dolmen

or stone group near Finistre, France, for example, is said to

cure rheumatism; other neighboring stones are believed to heal

fever and paralysis. Modern investigators have discovered that

mysterious energies do emanate from a number of the stones, for

photographs of them are sometimes marred by a mist of light

surrounding their lower extremities. According to Gey Underweed,

author of "The Pattern of the Past," the standing stones served

the same purpose as the needles of Chinese acupuncture. Just as

the needles are claimed to redirect the flow of "life forces" in

the human body to restore health, so the standing stones were

placed in such a manner so as to realign earth magnetism from the

natural paths to artificial ones. Using special dowsing equipment

for detection, Underwood found evidence that the magnetic

currents in parts of his native Britain do in fact run in rows

parallel to the straight lines of the standing stones with a

precision that characterizes human construction rather than

natural patterns.

     Ancient legends explain that the major purpose of the

ley-line systems was for the increase of soil fertility and plant

growth, but there appear to have been other uses for the lines as

well. 

     The modern Druids claim their forefathers built the ley

lines and were able to utilize the linear energies for flight. On

the day a line became "animated" by a sunrise directly down a

path, the currents were directed so as to charge a body to such a

degree that it could be levitated and made to move along the path

of a specific level of magnetic intensity. Druidic tradition

tells of such heroes as Mog Ruith, Bladud and the magician

Abiris, who possessed flying vehicles activated by the leyline

energies and were able to travel in them as far as Greece. The

stories of these flights usually end in disaster - an eclipse

takes place, suddenly terminating the power sources along the

lines, and the hero and his craft plunge to earth and

destruction. 

     There is scientific fact behind these stories, for an

eclipse of the sun or moon does indeed cause a sudden drop in the

level of the earth's surface magnetic activity. We find that

among many ancient cultures around the world there was an

obsession with predicting eclipses. Perhaps the reason was not so

much superstitious fear, as has always been assumed, but changes

that eclipses wrought upon terrestrial magnetic flows.

     Looking at what we now know concerning the ley lines, we can

make several observations. 

     Examples of ley-line systems are found all over the earth -

in Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas - and the

legends and traditions associated with them indicate that they

were all based on the same principle, magnetic manipulation, and

were used for the same purposes. Their conception certainly did

not originate with one group of isolated people and then slowly

spread to other neighboring groups; rather, the system appears to

have sprung up all over the world simultaneously, planned by a

culture that had surveyed the globe and charted the geographical

features that revealed the underlying major centers of magnetic

activity and inactivity. The very nature of the operation of the

lines required that for the system to work to its full potential,

all the terrestrial surface currents had to be accounted for. The

ley-line system was thus a truly global system. 

     Commenting on the lines, John Michell writes in "The View

over Atlantis," "A great scientific instrument lies sprawled over

the entire surface of the globe. At some period - perhaps it was

about 4,000 years ago - almost every corner of the world was

visited by a group of men who came with a particular task to

accomplish. With the help of some remarkable power, by which they

could cut and raise enormous blocks of stone, these men erected

vast astronomical instruments, circles of erect pillars,

pyramids, underground tunnels, cyclopean alignments, whose course

from horizon to horizon was marked by stones, mounds, and

earthworks. 

     Such a global undertaking implies the existence of a single

authority directing a unified effort involving the inhabitants of

the whole world. Also, just as local sections of the ley lines

had a specific center or even several nodes where the energies

converged, so it is likely that the single authority operated

from a world center where the energies of the entire global line

system were gathered. The system appears to have operated for a

period of time, but then something happened, something

significant enough to mark a break in world conditions and to

bring the world line system to an end. Before the event, the

construction of the system had necessitated a unified world. At

some specific point in time that unity was decisively broken. The

single directing authority lost its power, and its world center

ceased to operate. Following the event, new conditions prevailed,

and the people of the world were fragmented into factions, making

unity of effort and the coordinated working of the ley lines no

longer possible.

     As Michell described it, "All we can suppose is that some

overwhelming disaster, whether or not of natural origin,

destroyed a system whose maintenance depended upon its control of

certain natural forces across the entire earth. All attempts at

reconstructing whatever it was that collapsed during the great

upheaval have ever since been frustrated by schism and

degeneration. Falling ever deeper into ignorance, increasingly at

the mercy of rival idealists, the isolated groups of survivors

all over the world forgot their former unity, and, in the course

of striving to re-create some local version of the old universal

system, perverted the tradition and lost its spiritual

invocation."

     Eventually, even the perversions - the myths and legends of

past powers - were partially garbled or forgotten, and the

surviving local systems were abandoned. Today we are left with

only shadows and remnants of the former universal system.

     Thanks to the discoveries made by archaeologists, much of

what was considered legendary in the Genesis account of the rise

of nations is now being found to be true. The story of a former

world unity which was broken into factions is beginning to take

on a realistic form. Founded on even older historical accounts,

the Genesis story of the Tower of Babel relates the desperate

efforts of the new generations to remain together "lest we be

scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth." So they began

to construct a world center and a tower that was to reach to the

skies.

     

     It appears that as the post-Flood populations in the settled

land around the globe were growing large enough to form the bases

of active cultures, the people of the world were worried that

their continued unity might one day be dissolved. Their fears

were justified, for they were trying to reestablish the one-world

civilization that the antediluvians had possessed. Babel was

chosen to become the capital of the world, symbolizing the

organization of the post-Flood peoples under a centralized

authority, in the same way that Cain had organized his

descendants under one rule by means of the construction of Enoch

City. The city of Babel represented a "United Nations," or a

political center for world government. The Tower of Babel, on the

other hand, intended to be a great structure reaching to the

skies, may have represented something even more significant. As

noted earlier, there very likely had been a world center where

the surface energies of the globe were eventually gathered from

the global ley-line system. We know that the place where the

currents were accumulated was usually characterized by a mound or

tower. The Tower of Babel may have been the receiving station for

the ley-line currents of the earth. By their possession of such a

center of the world's energies, the ruling authorities at Babel

literally controlled the world, for everyone who desired to

benefit from the world ley-line system would have had to serve

the rulers of Babel.

     We know from all accounts that the lines were used for

occult purposes, so there were spiritual as well as material

energies involved. The post-Flood ley-line system was very

probably a reconstruction of a system used before the Flood. The

antediluvians had developed a sophisticated form of technology

that incorporated the use of both material and occult energies as

its power base, and the ley-line system was simply a further

extension of this occult technology.

                            ..................

To be continued