Saturday, January 23, 2021

GOSPEL IN BRITAIN--- WHEN? #1

How the Gospel came to Britain #1


Where did the 12 apostles go?


by


 Brian Williams





JOSEPH  OF  ARIMATHAEA  AT  GLASTONBURY


     NOT only do the Twelve Apostles vanish from the Scripture

record but the Bible is also strangely silent concerning what

happened to Joseph of Arimathaea, the rich man mentioned in all

four Gospels, who buried the Lord in his own new tomb. Matthew

states, "When the even was come, there came a rich man of

Arimathaea, named Joseph, who also himself was Jesus' disciple:

he went to Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus. Then Pilate

commanded the body to be delivered. And when Joseph had taken 

the body, he wrapped it in a clean linen cloth, and laid it in his

own new tomb, which he had hewn out in the rock: and he rolled a

great stone to the door of the sepulchre, and departed "1

     Mark tells us, "And now when the even was come, because it

was the preparation, that is, the day before the Sabbath, Joseph

of Arimathaea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for

the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and

craved the body of Jesus. And ... he gave the body to Joseph. And

he bought fine linen, and took Him down, and wrapped Him in the

linen, and laid Him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of a rock,

and rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre".2

     Luke's record reads, "And, behold, there was a man named

Joseph, a counsellor; and he was a good man, and a just: (the

same had not consented to the counsel and deed of them;) he was

of Arimathaea, a city of the Jews: who also himself waited for

the kingdom of God. This man went unto Pilate, and begged the

body of Jesus. And he took it down, and wrapped it in linen, and

laid it in a sepulchre that was hewn in stone, wherein never man

before was laid "3

     Finally, John says, "And after this Joseph of Arimathaea,

being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews,

besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: and

Pilate gave him leave. He came therefore, and took the body of

Jesus "4

     Thus was the prophecy fulfilled of Jesus that "He made His

grave with the wicked, and with the rich in His death."5

     It was prophesied that Jesus should be buried in the tomb of

a rich man, and it was Joseph of Arimathaea who was to fulfil

that prophecy. The Bible says that Joseph "begged the body of

Jesus ... and laid it in his own new tomb."


     Who was this man Joseph of Arimathaea? The Bible indicates

that he was a man of social distinction and official rank, for he

was "an honourable counsellor". It also tells us that he was a

good and just man and he was rich. Moreover we are told that he 

"had not consented to the counsel and deed of them" so that he

was evidently a member of the Sanhedrin. More explicitly it tells

us that "himself waited for the kingdom of God" and that he was 

"a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews".


     It must have taken real courage then for Joseph to approach

Pilate. Consider for one moment. Having been treacherously

betrayed, Jesus had been taken by the priest's guard which had 

no powers of arrest and had then been illegally tried after dark.

After all the evidence had been heard, Caiaphas had taken upon

himself to conduct a vicious cross-examination of the prisoner,

finally demanding that Jesus be tried in the morning before the

Roman governor of Palestine, Pontius Pilate, on a false charge of

treason. (Remember, Palestine was at this time part of the Roman

Empire. The Jews had no jurisdiction in such matters and only the

Roman governor had the power to condemn a man to death.) Pilate

had given way to the demand of the mob howling for Jesus' death

and had - literally- washed his hands of the affair. Thus

condemning Jesus to the ignominious death of a criminal. Such was

the wickedness of those who would destroy Jesus, and such the

suffering of Him who "poured out His soul unto death: [who] was

numbered with the transgressors ",6 and whom God "made ... to be

sin for us, who knew no sin ".7


     So Joseph "went in boldly unto Pilate and craved the body of

Jesus ... and [Pilate] gave the body to Joseph ". This is strange. 

One can scarcely believe that Jesus' enemies would have

been willing for His body to be taken down and privately buried

and for His tomb to become the shrine of a martyr. The fact that

Joseph obtained his request would seem to indicate that he had

some rightful claim to the body of Jesus which would only be the

case if he were a relative. And this seems to be the case, for

the Jewish Talmud describes Joseph of Arimathaea as being the

younger brother of the father of the virgin Mary, in other words,

Joseph of Arimathaea was Jesus' great-uncle.


     Now, strangely, the Bible has nothing further to say about

Joseph following the Crucifixion. What would have been Joseph's

reaction when on the third day the stone was rolled away from the

tomb and the grave was empty? Surely this man who was waiting for

the Kingdom of God, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for

fear of the Jews, who had shown rare courage in begging the body

of Jesus, now became the close follower of our Lord. Yet the

Bible never mentions him again.


     For the disciples of Jesus the transforming experience came

at Pentecost. "And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they

were all with one accord in one place. And suddenly there came a

sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all

the house where they were sitting. And there appeared unto them

cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them. And

they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with

other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance ".8


     Immediately after Pentecost there began a great persecution

of the Church. Those who had hounded Christ to His death now

directed their fury against Jesus' disciples. The Bible records

the death of the Church's first martyr - Stephen - and then tells

us, "And at that time there was a great persecution against the

church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad

throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the

apostles. And devout men carried Stephen to his burial, and made

great lamentation over him. As for Saul, he made havock of the

church, entering into every house, and haling men and women

committed them to prison. Therefore they that were scattered

abroad went every where preaching the word".9


     But where was Joseph? Traditions of great antiquity tell us

that JOSEPH OF ARIMATHAEA BROUGHT THE GOSPEL 

TO BRITAIN within a very few years of the Crucifixion. In fact, 

there is reason to believe that Joseph was already familiar with 

the British Isles long before he became a disciple of Jesus. The 

Latin Vulgate renders "honourable counsellor" as 'nobilis decurio.' 

'Decurio' was the name given to a town counsellor and also to an 

officer in the Roman Army. But since one Dr.C.R.Davey Biggs 

wrote in a little booklet 'Ictis and Avalon' that the officer in charge 

of a tin mine was also called a 'decurio,' there has been much

speculation as to the possibility that Joseph of Arimathaea was

involved in tin-mining. This would certainly explain the source

of Joseph's wealth referred to in the Bible.


     But what makes the possibility even more interesting is the

fact that there has long been a tradition in the tin-mining area

of South-western England that - "Joseph was in the trade". It so,

then it may be said with certainty that Joseph would have come to

Britain, and probably not once but many times. Britain was the

main source of tin. The British Isles were referred to by

classical writers as the Cassiterides - tin-bearing islands. In fact, 

while we have been at work on this book it has been announced 

that more tin mines are to be opened in Cornwall. The Sunday 

Telegraph, 21st September, 1969, has said, "There is still

probably as much tin under the Cornish ground as ever came out 

of it". How then did Joseph of Arimathaea come to return to this

land with which he was already familiar, not as a merchant of tin

but as a messenger of the Cross?


     Tradition tells us that at this time of great persecution

Joseph of Arimathaea and eleven others were cast adrift from

Joppa in an open boat, and that they drifted across the

Mediterranean to Marseilles. We find this account recorded by

Cardinal Baronius, the 16th century Roman Catholic historian, 

who spent thirty years writing his 'Annales Ecclesiastice,' and had

access to the archives of the Vatican Library. Baronius states

that it was in the year A.D.35 that Joseph of Arimathaea, (5

years after Jesus was put to death and raised to immortal life -

Keith Hunt). Lazarus 10 (whom Jesus raised from the dead and 

whom the Jews sought to kill 11, Mary and Martha, Lazarus's sisters,

also Marcella their maid, and Maximin a disciple, were put into a

boat without sails or oars, and that they eventually came to

Marseilles in France and afterwards crossed to Britain.

     A glance at the map facing page 61 will show the route

travelled by Joseph. His companions are also stated by the poet

Mistral to have included Trophimus 12 Cleon, Eutropius,

Restitutus whom we know from the Bible as "the man born blind",13

Martial, Saturninus, Mary the wife of Cleophas 14 and Mary

Magdalene 15 Whatever the exact complement of Joseph's party,

Lazarus is to this day recognised as having become first Bishop

of Marseilles while the names of these other saints are perpetuated 

in the records of the Gallic Church.


     And so Joseph and his little party came to Britain, sailing

inland to the Isle of Avalon which we now know as Glastonbury. 

In those days the sea which is now fourteen miles away came much

further inland and lapped the foot of Glastonbury Tor, the

500-foot high hill which dominates the countryside for miles

around - see the photograph facing page 21. Joseph is said to

have planted his staff in the soil of Wearyall Hill, and there it

took root and grew into a thorn tree. Of this thorn tree more

will be said later.


     Joseph and his companions were met by King Arviragus who

granted them tax-free twelve hides of land. A hide is thought to

have been 160 acres, so that the total area represented 1,920

acres. We find this Royal Charter recorded in the official archives 

from that day to this! Domesday Book, published in 1087,

tells us of: "The Domus Dei, in the great monastery of

Glastonbury, called the Secret of the Lord. This Glastonbury

Church possesses, in its own ville X11 hides of land which have

never paid tax" and the twelve hides may still be traced today,

as will be seen in the reproduction, facing page 53, of "A Map of

the Hundreds of Glaston XII Hides" from Phelps' "The History and

Antiquities of Somersetshire," published in 1836.

     This charter of land was often referred to in succeeding

centuries whenever disputes arose as to the seniority of the

British Church above the claims of Rome. In fact, the primacy 

of the Church in Britain was never held in question until at the

Council of Pisa in 1409 it was disputed by the Ambassadors of

France and Spain. It was then contended that the French and

Spanish Churches must yield precedence to the British Church as

this had been founded by Joseph of Arimathaea immediately after

the Passion of Christ. This ruling was further upheld by the

Councils of Constance 1417, Sienna 1424 and Basle 1434.

Archbishop Ussher (1581-1656) states that the basis of this claim

was the burial of Joseph of Arimathaea at Glastonbury and the

donation of twelve hides of land.


     Joseph and his companions now erected what must certainly

have been the first Christian church above ground. Of course, 

we know from the Bible that it was the custom for Christians to

gather for fellowship in their homes. The Church, the Greek word

'ekklesia' meaning the 'called out ones', was the PEOPLE, not the

building. Notice, Paul says, "Greet Priscilla and Aquila ...

likewise ... the CHURCH that is in their house" 16 "Aquila and

Priscilla salute you ... with the CHURCH that is in their

house" 17 "the CHURCH which is in [Nymphas'] house" 18 and 

"Archippus our fellow-soldier, and ... the CHURCH in thy

house" 19

     During the time of intense persecution by the Roman Empire

the Christians at Rome met in the catacombs underground.

Gradually, the place where Christians met became known as the

church instead of the PEOPLE.

     So here, if the tradition be true, we have Joseph and his

companions constructing the first church building above ground.

It was made from wattles daubed with mud, and was thatched with

reeds, and when completed it measured sixty feet long and

twenty-six feet wide, approximately the same dimensions as the

Tabernacle in the wilderness 20


     For hundreds of years this sacred building was preserved. In

the year 630 Paulinus encased it in lead and built over it a

beautiful chapel. Unhappily, in 1184 there was a disastrous fire,

and the little Wattle Church was completely destroyed. However, a

Norman chapel was built over the same spot immediately afterwards

and, though ruined, this remains today. Thus we can say with

reasonable certainty that St.Joseph's Chapel at Glastonbury Abbey

stands today exactly where the Wattle Church was erected only a

few years after the Resurrection, and where Joseph himself was

buried. John Leland tells us, quoting Maelgwyn of Avalon's

Historia de Rebus Britannicis, written about A.D. 540:


     "The Isle of Avalon greedy of burials ... received thousands

     of sleepers, among whom Joseph de Marmore from Aramathea 

     by name, entered his perpetual sleep. And he lies in a

     bifurcated line next the southern angle of the oratory made

     of circular wattles by thirteen inhabitants of the place

     over the powerful adorable Virgin ".


     This would suggest that Mary the mother of Jesus was buried

at Glastonbury. Is this why, long before such dedications became

the custom, St.Joseph's Chapel was also called St.Mary's? And is

this why ... there is a stone set in the South wall of the Chapel

bearing the simple inscription JESUS MARIA? It is curious that

William of Malmesbury in his "Magna Tabula Glastoniaea" refers

alike to Joseph as to John 21 as the paranymphos or guardian of

Jesus' mother.

     The tomb of Joseph was inscribed with a simple epitaph:


     "AD BRITANNOS VENI POST CHRISTUM SEPELIVI. 

DOCUI. QUIEVI ". Translated this reads:


     "I CAME TO BRITAIN AFTER BURYING CHRIST. 

I TAUGHT. I REST".


     Nothing now remains of Joseph's grave. But there is an empty

stone sarcophagus in St.John's Parish Church. There, according to

tradition, and in circumstances we have not space to tell, his

remains were placed.


     And so he who buried Jesus in his own new tomb found a

resting place in Britain. The honourable counsellor who in the

days of Jesus' earthly life had been His secret disciple was he

who brought the gospel to these shores.


     It is a wonderful story we have begun to tell!

……



1.Matthew 27:57-60       

2.Mark 15:42-46     

3.Luke 23:50-53     

4.John 19: 38  

5.Isaiah 53:9  

6.Isaiah 53:12 

7.2 Corinthians 5: 21         

8.Acts 2:1-4   

9.Acts 8:1-4   

10.John 11:1-46     

11.John 12:10-11    

12.Acts 20:4

13.John 9:1-38 

14.John 19:25

15.Mark 16:9

16.Romans 16: 3-5

17.1 Corinthians 16:19

18.Colossians 4:15

19.Philemon 2

20.Exodus 26: 1-37

21.John 19: 26-27


                    ...................


TO BE CONTINUED 

No comments:

Post a Comment