THERE ARE SOME WHO TEACH THERE WAS A MINI- ICE-AGE ABOUT 15 TO 20 THOUSAND YEARS AGO, OR MORE.
LET’S SEE HOW THIS STACKS UP WITH THE FOLLOWING.
FROM THE BBC — NATURES MOST AMAZING EVENTS - NARRATED BY DAVID ATTENBOROUGH.
THE POWER OF THE SUN DRIVES THE SEASONS, TRANSFORMING OUR PLANET.
DRAMATIC AIR FLOW BRINGS CHANGES THROUGHOUT THE YEAR.
AND IN A FEW PLACES THESE CHANGES BRING SOME OF THE GREATEST MIGRATIONS ON EARTH.
HERE IN THE ARCTIC IN SUMMER THE SUN BEGINS TO MELT THE WINTER ICE [BUT 15 TO 20 THOUSAND YEARS AGO THERE WAS NO MELTING, AS A SO-CALLED MINI-ICE-AGE WAS UPON THE GREATEST PART OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. SOME SAY THE ICE SHIELD WAS 1 TO 2 MILES DEEP; SO THE SUN HAD LITTLE EFFECT ON THAT ICE-AGE, AND PROBABLY TOOK A THOUSAND YEARS OR MORE TO MELT AWAY, AS THE TEACHING GOES - Keith Hunt]
NEARLY 3 MILLION SQUARE MILES OF ICE WILL DISAPPEAR, OPENING UP AN OPPORTUNITY FOR MILLIONS OF ANIMALS; FOR MANY IT’S THEIR BEST CHANCE TO FEED AND BREED…..BUT FOR….
[DURING THE MINI-ICE-AGE OVER THE ICE SHIELD; SO ANIMALS WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN THERE, THEY WOULD HAVE FOUND FOOD ELSEWHERE AND SO BREED ELSEWHERE. THEY WOULD HAVE BEEN LIVING QUITE NICELY THANK YOU, SOMEWHERE ELSE, FOR A THOUSAND YEARS OR MORE; WHY BOTHER MOVING AWAY AFTER THE ICE SHIELD MELTED? DOES EVOLUTION TALK TO ITSELF AND SAY TO THESE ANIMALS, “O THE ICE AGE IS OVER, YOU CAN MOVE INTO THE NORTH, WAY UP NORTH, TO FEED AND BREED.” WHY WOULD EVOLUTION SAY THAT, WHEN THOSE ANIMALS WERE DOING JUST FINE WHERE THEY WERE, AWAY FROM THE MASSIVE 1 TO 2 MILE DEEP ICE-SHIELD? Keith Hunt]
But for the polar bears it’s the hardest time of the year. They have to survive the greatest seasonal change on the planet.
[NOW HOW DID THE POLAR BEARS SURVIVE THE 1 OR 2 MILE DEEP ICE-SHIELD? HOW DID THEY FIND SEALS TO EAT? THERE WAS NO WINTER OR SUMMER IN THAT VAST AREA OF THIS MINI-ICE-WORLD; JUST ALL SUPER DEEP ICE AND CONSTANT COLDNESS. NOW IF THE POLAR BEARS MOVED SOUTH AND BECAME PART OF THE NORMAL TEMPERATURE BEARS, AND LIVED EATING LIKE THE OTHER BEARS LIVING IN A TEMPERATE CLIMATE, WHY BOTHER MOVING BACK TO THE ARCTIC AFTER THE ICE AGE WAS OVER? AND WHO TOLD THEM THE ICE-AGE WAS OVER? WHO TOLD THEM SEALS WERE ONCE MORE BACK IN THE ARCTIC? Keith Hunt]
WINTER IN THE ARCTIC—— THE NORTHERN LIGHTS FLICKER ACROSS THE SKY; IT’S A LAND OF CONTINUOUS NIGHT; WHEN TEMPERATURES PLUMET TO -40.
[PROBABLY EVEN COLDER OVER THE MINI-ICE-AGE IF IT INDEED WAS THERE - Keith Hunt]
POLAR BEARS ARE IN THEIR ELEMENT, HUNTING FOR SEALS ON THE FROZEN SEA.
[BUT THE POLAR BEARS COULD NOT HAVE SURVIVED A MINI-ICE-AGE, THAT LASTED FOR CENTURIES WITH FROZEN SEAS AND SEALS THAT WERE OFF TO FEED SOUTH OF THE ICE SHIELD. AND IF THE BEARS WENT SOUTH WHY WOULDN’T EVOLUTION TELL THEM TO BECOME REGULAR BEARS ON THE LAND, AS OTHER BEARS WERE LIVING ON THE LAND? Keith Hunt]
BUT THE LONG NIGHT IS COMING TO AN END.
IN FEBRUARY THE SUN RISES THE FIRST TIME IN 4 MONTHS. IN THE COMING WEEKS THE STRENGTH OF THE SUN WILL POWER AN ENORMOUS CHANGE.
BUT FOR NOW ITS RAYS ARE FOR A LITTLE WARMTH.
DESPITE THE SUNS RETURN 6 MILLION SQUARE MILES OF THE PLANET’S NORTH CLOAKED IN ICE. DEEP SNOW COVERS THE MOUNTAINS [NOW THINK WHAT IT MUST HAVE BEEN LIKE IN THE MINI-ICE-AGE; DEEPER ICE AND DEEPER SNOW AND CONSTANT COLD; NO SEASONS OF WINTER AND SUMMER. ALL THE ARCTIC LIFE LIKE THE ARCTIC FOX, WOULD HAVE GONE SOUTH, AND LIVING NICELY THANK YOU IN THE SOUTH, WHY WOULD THEY HAVE WANTED TO GO BACK TO BEING AN ARCTIC FOX OR ARCTIC BEAR? Keith Hunt]
EVEN THE SEA FROZEN SOLID MANY METRES DEEP. GROUPS OF SEALS EMERGE THROUGH HOLESS IN THE ICE TO BASK IN THE SUNLIGHT. BUT THEY ARE VULNERABLE AND HAVE TO KEEP A LOOKOUT. THE SEA STILL FROZEN, A PREDATORS CAN GET CLOSE—— THE GREATEST ENEMY IS THE POLAR BEAR.
[BUT WITH AN ICE AGE, SEAS FROZEN, TO A DEPTH OF SUCH MAGNITUDE SEALS WOULD FIND NO HOLES TO COME UP FOR AIR OR BATHING IN THE SUN. POLAR BEARS TRYING TO HUNT IN THAT ICE AGE, WOULD HAVE BEEN IMPOSSIBLE; THE ARCTIC FOX WOULD HARDLY HAVE SURVIVED; WHO ON EARTH COULD SURVIVE EVEN A MILE THICK ICE-SHIEL? - Keith Hunt]
A MOTHER BEAR AND HER 4 MONTH OLD CUB ARE HUNTING. SEALS MAKE UP MOST OF THE BEARS DIET, AND TO FIND THEM SHE MUST LEAD HER YOUNG ONE OUT ONTO THE ICE FOR THE FIRST TIME. THE ICE HERE IS THINNER, SHE MUST SPREAD HER WEIGHT TO AVOID BREAKING THROUGH. FOR HER CUB IT IS ALL JUST A GAME.
BY STICKING CLOSE TO MUM HE’LL LEARN HOW TO HUNT FOR SEALS, A CRITICAL LESSON FOR HIS FUTURE SURVIVAL.
AT THIS TIME OF THE YEAR THE FROZEN ARCTIC IS EMPTY OF LIFE, BUT FOR A FEW ANIMALS - THE POLAR BEAR AND THE ARCTIC FOX.
[ARE WE REALY TO BELIEVE THESE TWO ANIMALS CONTINUED TO LIVE IN A TIME OF A MINI-ICE-AGE? FOR ME IT DEFIES ALL COMMON LOGIC - Keith Hunt]
FOR THE ARCTIC FOX THE WINTER HAS BEEN A TIME OF HUNGER—— FOOD IS SCARCE AND SHE HAD TO WANDER FAR AND WIDE TO SCAVENGER FOR FOOD FROM BEAR KILLS. BUT HER FORTUNES ARE CHANGING - A DEAD REINDEER IS A LUCKY FIND - IF NO SCAVENGER COMES ALONG THIS COULD SUSTAIN HER FOR THE WINTER.
[WHY WOULD REINDEER GO UP INTO A MASSIVE ICE-AGE LAND? DID ALL THIS CONTINUE TO TAKE PLACE DURING AN ICE AGE? IF THE ANIMALS STAYED BELOW THE ICE SHIELD, WHY BOTHER GOING UP TO THE ARCTIC WHEN THE ICE AGE WAS OVER? WHY DID NOT EVOLUTION JUST HAVE THEM STAYING BELOW THE ICE SHIELD WHEN IT WAS NO LONGER THERE? WHO TOLD THEM THE ICE-SHIELD HAD GONE AND THERE WAS “NORMAL” WINTER AND SUMMER SEASONS AGAIN IN THE NORTH? Keith Hunt]
WITH THE SEA FROZEN, POLAR BEARS ARE BUSY HUNTING. THIS BEAR HAS CAUGHT A SEAL, IT WAITED FOR IT TO APPEAR THROUGH A HOLE IN THE ICE; HIS PATIENCE HAS BEEN REWARDED. HE MUST CATCH A SEAL ABOUT ONCE A WEEK, AND THIS IS THE BEST HUNTING SEASON. AS LONG AS THERE IS SEA ICE THE BEAR CAN GET CLOSE TO A SEAL.
BUT THE ICE WILL SOON START TO BREAK UP, AND HUNTING SEALS WILL GET HARDER. THE CALORIES HE TAKES IN NOW WILL SEE HIM THROUGH TIMES AHEAD IN SUMMER.
FOR THE POLAR BEAR IT’S THE SURVIVAL OF THE FATEST!
[WE HAVE REGULAR BEARS AND REGULAR FOXES. HOW DID EVOLUTION DECIDE TO PUT THESE TWO ANIMALS UP IN THE ARCTIC? WHY BOTHER? Keith Hunt]
AT THIS TIME OF THE YEAR (SUN UP) THERE IS STILL ONLY 5 HOURS OF SUNLIGHT. BUT AS THE SUN RISES HIGHER, EACH DAY LASTS 40 MINUTES LONGER.
IT’S MARCH, AND WITH MORE SUNLIGHT THE FIRST MIGRATIONS ARE ARRIVING.
MILLIONS OF SEA BIRDS ARE TRAVELLING NORTH TO REACH THE FROZEN COAST.
HUGE FLOCKS OF LITTLE HAWKS AND GILIMONTS FLY ACROSS MANY MILES OF ICE AND THE NEAREST OPEN WATER; THEIR DESTINATION, THE STILL FROZEN CLIFFS, AN INHOSPITABLE PLACE BUT IN A FEW WEEKS EVERYTHING HERE WILL CHANGE.
[WELL THAT IS NOW TODAY! BUT IN THE MASSIVE COLD AND DEEP ICE AND SNOW OF AN ICE-AGE, THERE WAS NO WINTER AND SUMMER, JUST A VERY LONG MIGHTY COLD WINTER WITH THE SUN HAVING LITTLE TO NO AFFECT. IT WOULD BE HARDLY POSSIBLE FOR BIRDS TO SURVIVE INSIDE AN ICE-AGE. IF THEY KNEW TO STAY WHERE THEY WERE FOR FEEDING AND BREEDING, WHY BOTHER FLYING UP NORTH? WHO TOLD THEM THE ICE AGE WAS OVER AND THERE WAS NOW SEASONS IN THE NORTH? IF SURVIVAL OF THE FITEST IS THE WAY TO GO, LIVING IN THE SOUTH WOULD BE THE BEST WAY TO BE THE FITEST! Keith Hunt]
IT PAYS TO BE EARLY, THOUGH THE SNOW HAS YET TO MET, BUT THE FIRST ARRIVALS GET THE BEST LEDGES AND A HEAD START. THEY HAVE JUST 50 DAYS TO LAY THEIR EGGS AND RAISE THEIR CHICKS [WHO TOLD THEM ALL THIS, AFTER THE ICE AGE WAS OVER; WHO TOLD THEM THE ICE AGE WAS OVER TO START WITH? IF LIVING, EATING, BREEDING, BELOW THE ICE-SHIELD FOR MAYBE HUNDREDS OR THOUSANDS OF YEARS, WHY BOTHER TO MOVE AWAY; WHO TOLD THEM TO MOVE AWAY? WHO TOLD THEM THERE WAS NOW WINTER AND SUMMER IN THE ARCTIC? AND WHO TOLD THEM THEY WOULD HAVE ONLY ABOUT 50 DAYS TO LAY THEIR EGGS AND RAISE THEIR CHICKS? Keith Hunt]
THE ARCTIC SILENT WILDERNESS IS COMING TO LIFE!
IT’S 3 MONTHS SINCE THE SUN’S RETURN, AND ITS POWER IS GROWING DAILY. THE AIR TEMPERATURE RISES SLOWLY, AND ONCE ABOVE FREEZING AT LONG LAST THE MELT BEGINS. RIVERS OF WATER ARE EVERYWHERE— MELTING SNOW FEEDS FRESH WATER STREAMS POURING OFF THE LAND.
WITHIN A SHORT FEW DAYS THE MELTING SNOW REVEALS A WHOLE NEW LANDSCAPE.
THE COASTAL CLIFF ARE FILLED WITH NESTING SEA BIRDS.
[NOW THAT IS AS IT IS TODAY! THAT WOULD NOT BE THE CONDITIONS UNDER A MINI-ICE-AGE. IF THE BIRDS WERE LIVING, FEEDING, RAISING CHICKS BELOW THE ICE SHIELD OF A MINI-ICE-AGE, WHY BOTHER MOVING AWAY? WHO TOLD THEM THEY COULD NOW MOVE UP NORTH, WAY UP NORTH, AND LAY EGGS AND RAISE CHICKS, BUT ONLY WITHIN A 50 DAY PERIOD? HOW DID THEY KNOW THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS OVER WAY UP NORTH? HOW DID THEY KNOW WHEN THE 50 DAY PERIOD STARTED? Keith Hunt]
BUT IT’S NOT LONG BEFORE THEY ATTRACT UNWELCOME ATTENTION—— THE FOX’S WHITE WINTER COAT HAS DISAPPEARED WITH THE SNOW. HER NEW COAT WILL ALLOW HER TO CHANGE FROM SCAVENGER TO HUNTER; THE SUMMER WILL BE THE BEST CHANCE TO RAISE A FAMILY.
[WHO TOLD THE FOX ABOUT ALL THIS CHANGE COMING UP NORTH? WHO GAVE HER THE POWER TO CHANGE THE COLOR OF HER OUTWARD COAT? WHO TOLD HER THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS OVER, AND BIRDS WOULD BE FLYING UP NORTH, SO SHE COULD GET FOOD FOR HERSELF AND HER FAMILY? Keith Hunt]
THE SNOW MAYBE DISAPPEARING FROM THE LAND, BUT THE SEA ICE HAS YET TO MELT. THE COAST-LINE IS STILL LOCKED IN ICE. THE ISLANDS OF THE ARCTIC ARE SURROUNDED BY THOUSANDS OF MILES OF FROZEN OCEAN.
[THAT’S TODAY; FIGURE WHAT IT MUST HAVE BEEN LIKE UNDER A MINI-ICE-AGE - Keith Hunt]
BECAUSE THE ICE IS SO THICK IT WILL NOT BREAK UP UNTIL THE TEMPERATURE STAYS ABOVE FREEZING FOR A NUMBER OF DAYS; UNTIL THEN FEW CREATURES CAN PENETRATE THIS ICY BARRIER.
[THAT’S TODAY! THINK WHAT IT WAS LIKE UNDER A MINI-ICE-AGE, AS SOME WANT YOU TO BELIEVE THERE WAS ONE ABOUT 15 TO 20 THOUSAND YEARS AGO - Keith Hunt]
THE SUN REFLECTS FROM THE WHITE OPEN SEA, CREATING FUZY ICY MIRAGES. THE BEAR CAN STILL WALK ON THE ICY SEA, BUT NOT FOR MUCH LONGER.
IT GETS WARMER BY THE DAY. THE BEAR’S WORLD IS ABOUT TO MELT AWAY.
IT’S NOW JUNE AND THE SUN BEATS DOWN 24 HOURS A DAY. THE TEMPERATURE REMAINS CONSTANTLY ABOVE FREEZING. THE FROZEN SEA BEGINS TO MELT. POOLS FORM ACROSS THE SURFACE ABSORBING MORE HEAT AND SO QUICKENING THE THAW.
SUNLIGHT PENETRATES THE FROZEN SURFACE, CREATING A STRANGE WORLD BENEATH THE ICE.
THE FROZEN BARRIER HAS SPLIT; MYSTERIOUS VOICES ECHO AGAINST THE ICY CEILING. GIANT CRACKS OR “LEADS” FORM AT WEAK POINTS, CREATING A GIANT PATHWAY FOR NEW ARRIVALS.
THE “NAWAL” — KNOWN AS THE ARCTIC UNICORN BECAUSE OF THEIR STRANGE LONG POINTED TUSK; THEY ARE SOME OF THE MOST ELUSIVE ANIMALS IN THE WORLD’S OCEANS.
THE “LEADS” PROVIDE PASSAGE FOR THESE MYSTERIOUS WHALES.
[AS YOU WILL SEE THEY COULD NEVER DO WHAT THEY DO WITH A MINI-ICE-AGE IN PLACE. SO THEY LIVED, FEEDING AND BREEDING SOMEWHERE ELSE WHILE THE ICE-AGE WAS UPON MOST OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. WHY MAKE A CHANGE IN THEIR LIFE THAT WAS OBVIOUSLY KEEPING THEM ALIVE? WHO TOLD THEM TO MOVE NORTH AND HOW THEY COULD FIND FOOD? Keith Hunt]
EACH SUMMER THEY TRAVEL 600 MILES NORTH, NAVIGATING THROUGH THE ICE TO REACH RICH FEEDING GROUNDS. MORE TRAVEL ALONG THE EDGE OF THE SEA ICE TO SEARCH FOR “LEADS.”
IT’S A HAZARDOUS JOURNEY, AS MAMMALS THEY NEED AIR TO BREATH; IF THE ICE CLOSES ABOVE THEM THEY COULD SUFFOCATE.
[THEY COULD NEVER HAVE DONE THIS UNDER AN ICE-AGE SHIELD OF ICE AND SNOW 1 TO 2 MILES DEEP. WHO TOLD THEM THE ICE-AGE WAS OVER? WHO TOLD THEM WHAT WAS HAPPENING WAY UP NORTH 600 MILES OR MORE? WHO TOLD THEM THERE WAS FOOD TO FIND? WHY BOTHER GOING TO THE TROUBLE WHEN THEY WERE FEEDING AND BREEDING JUST FINE WHEN A MINI-ICE-AGE WAS SUPPOSEDLY PRESENT? Keith Hunt]
THEY LOOK FOR HOLES IN THE ICE FOR THEM TO SURFACE - ONE SINGLE BREATH WILL LAST THEM FOR 15 MINUTES UNDER WATER [SO WHY GO TO A PLACE “UP NORTH” UNLESS YOU WERE PRETTY SURE YOU COULD NAVIGATE THE “ICE-AGE” NOW OVER? AND WHO TOLD THEM THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS OVER? HOW WOULD THEY HAVE DETECTED THE NORTH WAS NOW DEVOID OF A 1 TO 2 MILES ICE-SHIELD? WHO TOLD THEM THERE WOULD BE FISH TO FEED ON? AND WHY BOTHER IN THE FIRST PLACE, WHEN THEY WERE LIVING AND EATING AND BREEDING, AWAY FROM THE MINI-ICE-AGE? Keith Hunt]
THE FURTHER THEY TRAVEL, THE HARDER IT BECOMES FOR THEM TO FIND HOLES IN THE ICE [SO WHY DID EVOLUTION NOT TELL THEM NOT TO RISK GOING 600 MILES UP NORTH - Keith Hunt]
THEY SNATCH A BREATH THEN TRAVEL ON; BUT AHEAD THE ICE FORMS AN UNPALATABLE BARRIER. THEY WILL USE THEIR HEAD AND TUSK TO ENLARGE THEIR BREATHING HOLES [THIS IS JUST CRAZY FOR THEM TO DO WHEN THEY WERE EATING AND BREEDING WHERE THEY WERE WHEN THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS OVER THE NORTH - Keith Hunt]
FOR NOW THEY HAVE REACHED A DEAD END. THE ICE WILL NEED TO MELT FURTHER IF THEY ARE TO CONTINUE [YOU TALK ABOUT THE MIND OF EVOLUTION BEING TOO SOON TO UNDERTAKE THIS MISSION; WHY DID EVOLUTION TELL THEM TO GO SO SOON AFTER A NORTHERN ICE-AGE HAD MOSTLY DISAPPEARED? AND WHY TELL THEM ANYTHING? THEY WERE DOING JUST FINE WHERE THEY WERE, WHILE THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS UP NORTH - Keith Hunt]
ALL ACROSS THE ARCTIC THE SEA ICE IS BEGINNING TO RETREAT. THE “LEADS” WIDEN FORMING WIDE OPEN TRACKS OF WATER, AND OCEAN CURRENTS BREAK UP THE SPLINTERED ICE SHEET [SO WHAT? THEY HAD BEEN LIVING JUST FINE WHERE THEY WERE WHILE THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS UP NORTH - Keith Hunt]
AS THE ICE MELTS THOUSANDS OF MILES OF OPEN OCEAN BECOME A BONANZA FOR MILLIONS OF SEA BIRDS [BUT WHY WOULD THEY CARE? THEY HAD BEEN DOING JUST FINE, EATING AND BREEDING, SOUTH OF THE ICE-SHIELD. WHO TOLD THEM TO NOW MIGRATE NORTH? WHO TOLD THEM THERE WOULD BE PLENTY OF FOOD FOR THEM UP NORTH? Keith Hunt]
IN JUST 4 WEEKS A COLONY OF GILIMONTS DEVOR 1 1/2 MILLION TONS OF ARCTIC FISH. AS THE ICE MELTS THEIR JOURNEY TO THE FEEDING GROUNDS IN THE OPEN SEA SHORTENS BY THE DAY. THEY GATHER BY THE EDGE OF THE RETREATING ICE TO DIVE FOR ARCTIC COD AND GAPLING [DID EVOLUTION TELL THEM THE FISH WOULD BE THERE? DOES EVOLUTION HAVE A MIND THAT CAN TALK TO ANIMALS? WHY WOULD THEY MOVE AWAY FROM WHERE THEY WERE DOING JUST FINE, FOR A THOUSANDS YEARS OR MORE WHILE THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS PRESENT? Keith Hunt]
THE SHOELS ARE FOUND 250 FEET DOWN IN THE MIRKY DEPTHS, AND THE GILIMONTS MUST HOLD THEIR BREATH FOR 2 MINUTES [NO EASY TASKE, SO WHY BOTHER LEAVING WHERE THEY WERE AND TAKING ON SUCH A TOUGH WAY TO LIVE AND RAISE YOUNG ONES? Keith Hunt]
WITH THEIR CROPS STUFFED WITH FISH THEY RETURN TO THEIR CONONY TO FEED THEIR HUNGRY YOUNGSTERS [WHY TAKE ON SUCH A RISKY, HARD WEATHER, HARD WAY TO LIVE AND HAVE CHICKS, WHEN THEY WERE DOING JUST FINE SOUTH OF THE ICE-AGE SHELF OF ICE AND SNOW, FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS, MANYBE SOME THOUSANDS OF YEARS? Keith Hunt]
WITH 24 HOURS OF DAYLIGHT THEY GO ON FISHING AROUND THE CLOCK [YOU TALK ABOUT GIVING UP AN EASY LIFE-STYLE THEY HAD BELOW THE MINI-ICE-AGE, AND NOW THEY GO NORTH TO A HARSH NO STOP FISHING LIFE; IS EVOLUTION THAT STUPID, OR DOES IT WANT TO SHOW WHO THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITEST REALLY ARE? Keith Hunt]
WITH THE SUN AND DRIVEN BY WINDS AND CURRENTS THE SEA ICE IS FRAGMENTING. THAT IS A BIG PROBLEM IF YOU NEED THE ICE TO HUNT FROM. A POLAR BEAR CAN SMELL A SEAL FROM OVER A MILE AWAY. BUT THE PREY IT NEEDS IS HARD TO FIND IN THIS CONSTANTLY MOVING LANDSCAPE. HE MAY TAKE TO THE WATER TO NAVIGATE THROUGH THE DRIFTING ICE. BEARS ARE EXCELLENT SWIMMERS, BUT NO MATCH AGAINST A SEAL, AS THE ICE MELTS FINDING SEALS GETS HARDER. AND WITH OPEN WATER IT IS EASIER FOR A SEAL TO ESCAPE.
THE MELTING ICE CAUSES A SHIFT IN POWER. NOW IT’S ADVANTAGE SEAL.
THE BEAR’S HUNGER GROWS.
[AND WE ARE TO BELIEVE THESE POLAR BEARS SOMEHOW SURVIVED A MINI-ICE-AGE, WITH ICE AND SNOW A MILE OR MORE DEEP, AS SOME TELL IT. NOW IF THE POLAR BEAR MOVED SOUTH AND BECAME A REGULAR BEAR WITH THE OTHER BEARS, EATING WHAT OTHER BEARS EAT, WHY WOULD IT DECIDE, OR HAVE EVOLUTION TELL IT THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS OVER, AND TO RETURN TO THE HARD HUNTING OF THE NORTH? DOES EVOLUTION HAVE A MIND THAT TELLS BEARS TO SHOW THE WORLD THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITEST BY MOVING BACK TO THE ICE OF THE NORTH, WHERE HUNTING FOR FOOD CAN BE QUITE THE CHALLENGE? Keith Hunt]
WITH THE ICE AND BARRIER BROKEN STRANGE VISITORS ARRIVE.
THEY’VE SWAM 600 MILES TO GET HERE.
WITH THE ICE GONE, THEY CAN MAKE THEIR WAY INTO FRESH-WATER ESTUARIES.
THE BALUGA WHALE!
AS MORE AND MORE BALUGA WHALES ARRIVE A STRANGE ANNUAL RITUAL BEGINS.
FOR BALUGA WHALES THIS IS A VERY STRANGE EVENT.
[YOU KNOW WHAT I’M ABOUT TO SAY. WHO TOLD THE BALUGA WHALE THE ICE-AGE WAS OVER? WHO TOLD THEM 600 MILES AWAY THERE WAS FOOD FOR THEM? WHY IF LIVING JUST FINE THANK YOU, BELOW THE MINI-ICE-AGE FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS, MAYBE THOUSANDS OF YEARS, WOULD EVOLUTION TELL THEM TO MOVE 600 MILES NORTH TO HUNT FOR FOOD? Keith Hunt]
VIOLENTLY SPLASHING AGAINST THE RIVER BED, LOOSES THEIR YEAR LONG SKIN AND GETS RID OF PARASITES THEY MAY HAVE PICKED UP ON THEIR JOURNEY IN FRESH WATER, WARMED BY THE STRENGTHENING SUN AND LOOSE PEBBLES TO RUB AGAINST, THE WHALES WISTLE WITH PLEASURE.
BUT THE ICE FREE SUMMER WILL BE SHORT. THE WHALES CAN ONLY ENJOY THEIR ARCTIC SPA FOR TWO WEEKS!
THE BALUGA MUST LEAVE THE SHALLOWS AND HEAD FOR DEEPER WATER TO HUNT FOR FISH.
[MY O MY, WHY ALL THIS TROUBLE FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME, WHEN THEY WERE DOING JUST FINE SOUTH OF THE MINI-ICE-AGE FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS. WHY DID EVOLUTION TELL THEM TO MOVE NORTH? WHY DIDN’T THE WHALES TELL EVOLUTION TO GO FLY ITS KITE AND “WE’VE DONE JUST FINE THANK YOU FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS BELOW THE MINI-ICE-AGE, SO WHY SHOULD WE MOVE THAT FAR NORTH?” Keith Hunt]
IT’S EARLY JULY
THE FOX HAS CAUGHT A NESTING BIRD. SHE HAS A FAMILY NOW - 8 TINY MOUTHS TO FEED, AND ONE BIRD IS NOT ENOUGH TO GO AROUND. THE CUBS BICKER OVER THEIR DINNER, THEY ARE THREE WEEKS OLD, AND IN ANOTHER TWO WEEKS THEY WILL HAVE TO FEND FOR THEMSELVES. THE WINTER AHEAD WILL BE SO HARSH ONLY TWO OF THEM WILL PROBABLY SURVIVE; EVERY BIT OF FOOD NOW IS IMPORTANT TO PUT ON ENOUGH FAT TO SURVIVE THE WINTER.
[WHAT ON EARTH IS THE FOX DOING UP THERE TO BEGIN WITH? DID THEY SOMEHOW SURVIVE THE MINI-ICE-AGE? IF THEY WERE SOUTH OF THE MINI-ICE-AGE, FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS, OR THOUSANDS, DOING NICELY THANK YOU, WHY DID THEY EVER MOVE THIS FAR NORTH? WHY MOVE UP TO A CRAZY LIFE STYLE AND ALSO TO RAISE A FAMILY, WHERE MOST OF HER LITTLE ONES WILL DIE? Keith Hunt]
WHEN FOOD IS SCARSE THE MOST DOMINANT CUB WILL FEED - AND THE SMALLEST WILL GO HUNGRY.
[WOULD NOT EVOLUTION TELL THEM TO MOVE BACK DOWN SOUTH WHERE NORMAL FOXES HAD EASY CATCHES FOR FOOD, WITH A MUCH BETTER CHANCE TO RAISE HER CUBS? YA I THINK SO, BUT EVOLUTIONARY MINI-ICE-AGE TEACHERS DO NOT THINK SO, THEY HAVE THE FOX MOVING NORTH INTO A CLIMATE FAR FROM EASY TO LIVE AND RAISE CUBS - Keith Hunt]
THE SEA BIRDS HAVE BEEN WORKING AROUND THE CLOCK TO FEED THEIR CHICKS, AND PREPARE THEM FOR THE FIRST BIG CHALLENGE OF THEIR LIVES.
IF THEY ARE TO SURVIVE THE WINTER THEY WILL NEED TO LEAVE THE CLIFFS VERY SOON, AND GET FAR OUT TO SEA. BUT IT’S ONLY 20 DAYS SINCE THEY HATCHED, AND THEIR WINGS ARE NOT DEVELOPED ENOUGH TO FLY. SO FAR THEIR FEET HAVE NEVER LEFT THE GROUND. THERE IS ONLY ONE WAY DOWN TO THE SAFETY OF THE SEA; A THOUSAND FEET BELOW.
RELUCTANTLY THE CHICKS TAKE A FEW NERVOUS STEPS TOWARDS THE EDGE. ENCOURAGED BY A GENTLE NUDGE FROM THE DAD, HE LEAPS INTO THE UNKNOWN. DAD FOLLOWS RIGHT BEHIND, ENSURING BY CALLING TO HIS CHICK.
HE MADE IT!
[AGAIN, IF THESE BIRDS WHERE LIVING NICELY THANK YOU, WAY BELOW THE MINI-ICE-AGE, WHY DID THEY DECIDE TO MOVE NORTH AND ENTER A “CHANCY” LIFE STYLE FOR THEMSELVES AND THEIR CHICKS? WHO TOLD THEM THE ICE-AGE WAS OVER AND TO MOVE NORTH AND TAKE ON A LIFE FAR FROM EASY, ESPECIALLY FOR THEIR CHICKS? WAS EVOLUTION USING ITS “SURVIVAL OF THE FITEST” NORM? DOES EVOLUTION HAVE A MIND AND DOES IT TELL ANIMALS TO CHOOSE A TOUGH WAY TO LIVE? Keith Hunt]
LANDING MAY NOT BE THE STYLISH, BUT AT LEAST THE’RE ON TARGET, MOST OF THE TIME, BUT SOME LAND ON THE BEACH NOT THE SEA. IT’S EASY TO MISS-JUDGE THE DISTANCE.
DAD STAYS CLOSE BY AND ENCOURAGES THE CHICK TO TAKE STEPS TO THE SEA.
ALAS SOME CHICKS LAND A LONG WAY FROM WATER. THEY ARE STURDY ENOUGH TO SURVIVE THE FALL, BUT THIS IS NOT THE PLACE TO BE LEFT ALONE.
FOR THE MOTHER FOX IT’S EASY PICKING. WITH SO MANY MEALS FALLING FROM THE SKY SHE RUNS FROM ONE KILL TO THE NEXT.
[YOU’D THINK EVOLUTION WOULD TELL THESE BIRDS TO GET BACK DOWN SOUTH, WHERE THEY WERE BEFORE THE MINI-ICE-AGE. IT WOULD SEEM THE MIND OF EVOLUTION IS PRETTY STUPID AT TIMES; I MEAN WHY DID THEY EVER LEAVE THEIR SOUTH COMFORT ZONE AFTER HUNDREDS OF YEARS OF HAVING IT EASY TO LIVE AND RAISE A FAMILY, AND HEAD FOR THE LEFT OVER OF A MINI-ICE-AGE? Keith Hunt]
THE CHICKS WILL BE RUNNING FOR ONLY 3 DAYS, SO SHE MUST MAKE MOST OF THE BONANZA, THE SURVIVAL OF HER OWN FAMILY DEPENDS ON IT. WITH MORE CHICKS THAN SHE CAN CARRY, SHE STORES SOME AWAY IN A HIDING PLACE FOR FUTURE FEEDS, ALL 8 OF HER CUBS. THEIR BELLY NOW FULL AT LAST THEY REST IN THE SUNSHINE.
[WHO ON EARTH WOULD DECIDE THIS WAS THE WAY TO LIVE AND RAISE A FAMILY, AFTER THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS GONE. THEY WERE LIVING, BREEDING, FEEDING, JUST FINE TO THE SOUTH OF THEN ICE-AGE, WHY WOULD A MOTHER GO NORTH AND PUT THEMSELVES THROUGH SUCH A TRIAL, IN LIVING AND FEEDING HER CUBS? Keith Hunt]
FOR THE GILIMONT CHICKS THAT SURVIVE, THE ORDEAL HAS ONLY JUST BEGIN.
THEY MUST RETREAT SOUTH 600 MILES BEYOND THE REACH OF WINTER. BUT THE YOUNGSTERS CAN’T FLY YET, THEIR WINGS AREN’T STRONG ENOUGH, SO LED BY THEIR PARENTS THEY’LL HAVE TO SWIM.
[WOW …. THE REACH OF WINTER! SO THEY SURE WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN THERE DURING THE MINI-ICE-AGE! IF LIVING AND BREEDING JUST FINE SOUTH OF THE ICE-AGE, WHY, O WHY ON EARTH, DID THEY DECIDE TO GO UP NORTH AND LIVE AND TRY AND FEED THEIR YOUNG THIS WAY, WITH LIMITED TIME, AND THEY AND THEIR YOUNG ONES HAVE TO SWIM BACK 600 MILES! THE WHOLE THING IS LAUGHABLE IDIOTIC EVOLUTION THINKING THAT MAKES NO LOGICAL SENSE - Keith Hunt]
AT THE HEIGHT OF SUMMER EVEN THE PERMANENT ICE-CAPS ARE TOUCHED BY THE SUN. MELTING WATER CHANNEL DOWN TO MEET THE OCEAN. ALONG THE 200 MILE WALL OF ICE, 1,000 FRESH WATER-FALLS CASCADE AND PLUMET INTO THE OCEAN SEA.
AS JULY DRAWS ON THE GREAT MELT REACHES ITS PEAK.
THE GREATEST SEASONAL CHANGE ON THE PLANET HAS TAKEN PLACE.
THE SEA ICE THAT ONCE EXTENDED TO THE HORIZON HAS MELTED AWAY. IN JUST 3 MONTHS THE SUN HAS WON ITS BATTLE WITH THE ICE. OVER 2 1/2 MILLION SQUARE MILES OF ICE HAS MELTED AWAY, UNCOVERING THOUSANDS OF ISLANDS SURROUNDED BY OPEN OCEAN.
BUT IN RECENT YEARS THE SCALE OF THIS MELT HAS BEEN GROWING.
AND FOR ONE ANIMAL THIS IS A CRITICAL ISSUE—— THE POLAR BEAR!
[WELL IF EVOLUTION TOOK THE POLAR BEAR LIVING SOUTH OF THE MINI-ICE-AGE, AND HAD THEM MOVE NORTH TO BE A POLAR BEAR, WHY ISN’T EVOLUTION HAVING THEM MOVE SOUTH WHERE THEY WERE, AND RETURN TO BE REGULAR BEARS? Keith Hunt]
A MOTHER BEAR AND HER ADOLESCENT CUB REST ON A FRAGMENT OF ICE. WITH THE MELT THEY ARE FORCED TO SWIM EVER-GREATER DISTANCE TO HUNT FOR SEALS.
THEIR ARCTIC HOME IS INCREASINGLY VULNERABLE TO A CHANGING CLIMATE, AND THIS YEAR THERE HAS BEEN LESS ICE THAN NORMAL.
IF FUTURE MELTS ARE AS EXTREME AS THIS ONE, BEARS LIKE THESE MAY STARVE OR DOWNED, LOST AT SEA.
THIS IS NOW ONE OF THE LAST PIECES OF ICE ADRIFT IN THE OPEN OCEAN. THE POLAR BEAR’S ICE WORLD HAS MELTED AWAY.
[AND EVOLUTION IS SLEEPING; IT AIN’T TOLD THE BEARS TO MOVE SOUTH AND GO BACK TO BEING A REGULAR BEAR THAT DOES NOT HAVE TO LIVE IN AN ICE WORLD - Keith Hunt]
FOR MANY OTHERS THE OPEN WATER SUPPLIES THE GREATEST FEAST OF THE YEAR.
THE NAWAL HAVE MADE IT THROUGH THE ICE. THEY HUNT FOR ARCTIC COD AND SQUID.
HERE THEY ARE JOINED BY OTHER OCEAN MIGRANTS.
BOW-HEAD WHALES!
THESE 100 TON GIANTS FEED ON MILLIONS OF TINY PLANKTON THAT FLORISH IN THE SUN-LIT WATERS.
BELUGAS HAVE COME FOR THE RICH FISHING, AND REST ON THE SURFACE BETWEEN DIVES.
EVEN ON THE SEA BED THERE IS PLENTY ON THE MENUE.
2 TONS OF PULSATING BLUBBER - THE WALRUS FORAGES FOR CLAMS IN THE MUDDY SANDS.
WALRUS ARE YEAR ROUND RESIDENTS OF THE ARTIC, FOLLOWING THE EB-AND-FLOW OF THE ICE.
[WHO TOLD THESE CREATURES TO GO NORTH FOR FOOD AFTER THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS GONE? IF THEY WERE SURVIVING FOR CENTURIES SOUTH OF THE ICE-AGE, WHY WOULD THEY MOVE AWAY; WHO TOLD THEM THERE WAS FOOD UP NORTH, AND THE TIME OF YEAR TO BEST BE THERE? DID THE WALRUS LIVE IN THE FROZEN MINI-ICE-AGE PERIOD? Keith Hunt]
IN THE OPEN SHALLOW WATERS THEY CAN REACH HUGE AREAS OF THE FLOOR-RICH FEEDING GROUNDS FOR THESE GIANT SEALS.
THEY HOOVER UP THE CLAMS WITH THEIR GIANT RUBBERY LIPS. A SINGLE WALRUS CAN EAT UP TP 4 THOUSAND CLAMS IN A 10 MINUTES DIVE.
[WHY ON EARTH WOULD THEY WANT TO LIVE IN THE AREA OF A MINI-ICE-AGE; CLAMS COULD BE FOUND IN MANY PARTS OF THE WORLD NOT UNDER A MINI-ICE-AGE. Keith Hunt]
BELLIES FULL THEY COME UP FOR AIR. WITH THE SEA ICE GONE THE WALRUS HAULS OUT ON THE LAND TO REST. THEY’RE USED TO HUDDLING TOGETHER TO KEEP WARM; EVEN NOW WITH 12 DEGREES ABOVE FREEZING THEY PREFER TO STICK CLOSE TOGETHER [O BOY THEY’D HAVE TO HUDDLE TOGETHER FOR SURE IN THE MINI-ICE-AGE TO SURVIVE - Keith Hunt]
AND IN THE WARMTH OF THE SUN THEY BEGIN TO SHED THE OLD SKIN. THEY SCRATCH AND SCRATCH [IN THE MINI-ICE-AGE THEY’D HAVE TO PUT UP WITH THE OLD SKIN FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS IN THAT COLDNESS - Keith Hunt]
THESE IRRITATIONS MAKE THEM BAD TEMPERED AND ARGUMENTS OFTEN BREACH OUT.
SPITTING, STABBING, BELLOWING, ARE NOW THE WAY TO END ARGUMENTS.
ALL DISPUTES SETTLED A PEACE OF SORTS RETURNS ONCE MORE.
DIGESTING A BELLY FULL OF CLAMS CREATES A LOT OF WIND, MAKING A WALRUS COLONY VERY FRAGRANT PLACES.
FED BY A SUPPLY OF ABUNDANT GILIMONT CHICKS ALL 8 OF THE FOX CUBS SEEM TO HAVE BOUNDLESS ENERGY. SOON THEY WILL BE READY TO FACE THE WORLD WITHOUT THEIR MOTHER.
[AND WE ARE SUPPOSED TO BELIEVE THEY WERE THERE ALL THROUGH THE MINI-ICE-AGE? NO SEASONS ONLY COLD AND MORE COLD EVERYWHERE, WITH ICE AND ICE EVERYWHERE. IF THE GILIMONT BIRDS AND THE FOX WERE WAY BELOW THE MINI-ICE-AGE, SURVIVING VERY WELL THANK YOU; WHY WOULD THEY ALL DECIDE TO MOVE NORTH AFTER THE ICE-AGE WAS GONE? WHO TOLD THEM IT WAS GONE? WHO TOLD THEM THE BEST TIME OF THE YEAR TO GO, AND IF THEY MISS CALCULATED HOW DID THEY SURVIVE? WHICH GENERATION GOT IT RIGHT? WHEN THEY DID WHY DIDN’T EVOLUTION TELL THEM IT WAS BETTER TO STAY WHERE THEY WERE WHEN THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS ON? IF DOING JUST FINE THEN, WHY BOTHER GOING NORTH INTO A SOMEWHAT HARSH ENVIRONMENT TO LIVE AND HAVE YOUNG ONES TO CARE FOR - Keith Hunt]
IN JUST 5 WEEKS SHE HAS RAISED HER CUBS, MAKING MOST OF THE SHORT SUMMER [IF SHE WAS LIVING BELOW THE ICE-AGE-SHIELD, WHY PUT THER-SELF INTO THIS “SHORT SUMMER” SITUATION UP NORTH? WHY BOTHER GOING THERE AT ALL? BUT MAYBE EVOLUTION HAD TO SHOW “THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITESS” FOR THE SAKE OF DARWIN’S IDEAS - Keith Hunt]
THE MOTHER FOX HAS WON HER RACE AGAINST TIME [BUT SHE NEEDED NOT TO RUN THAT RACE IF SHE STAYED WHERE SHE WAS WHEN THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS ON, AND NOT THROW THE DICE OF SURVIVAL UP NORTH AT ALL - Keith Hunt]
BETWEEN JUNE AND JULY THE ARCTIC IS THE LAND OF THE MIDNIGHT SUN. AN EMPTY WILDERNESS HAS BEEN TRANSFORMED—— FLOWERS, BIRDS, RABBITS, OWLS AND MORE AS WE’VE SEEN. THE ONCE FROZEN OCEAN IS BURSTING WITH LIFE. ALL THE ANIMALS ENJOY A SUMMER FEAST.
[BUT THEY ALL HAD TO LIVE, BREED, AND EAT, SOUTH OF THE MINI-ICE-AGE WHEN IT WAS COVERING MOST OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. IF THEY HAD SETTLED INTO THE CIRCLE OF LIFE FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS AND NOT GONE NORTH TO A DESERT ICE-AGE, WHY BOTHER GOING NORTH NOW AFTER THE ICE-AGE WAS OVER, AND WHO TOLD THEM IT WAS OVER? SO WHY BOTHER PUTTING THEMSELVES INTO A SOMEWHAT TIGHT LIVING SCHEDULE FOR PARENTS AND YOUNGSTERS TO SURVIVE? Keith Hunt]
BUT POLAR BEARS AREN’T SO FORTUNATE. WITH NO SEA ICE TO HUNT UPON, THEY’RE NOW TRAPPED ON DRY LAND. A HUNGRY BEAR WILL EAT ANY FOOD IT CAN GETS ITS PAWS ON, FOR A MEAT EATER A FEW STRAPS OF DRY LIKON WILL NOT GO FAR.
IT MAY HAVE BEEN 4 MONTHS SINCE HIS LAST KILL, AND HE WILL NOT FIND ANY SEALS HERE.
[HOW ON EARTH DID THE POLAR BEAR SURVIVE A MINI-ICE-AGE TO BEGIN WITH? OF COURSE I’M FORGETTING EVOLUTION COMING BACK AT ME WITH “SURVIVAL OF THE FITEST” ARGUMENT- Keith Hunt]
If the increasing scale of melt continues, 2/3 of the world’s polar bears could vanish by 2050.
[GUESS EVOLUTION CAN’T GET THEM TO MOVE SOUTH AND EVOLVE INTO REGULAR BEARS; OR IT TAKES EVOLUTION WAY WAY TOO LONG TO GET INTO THE BEAR’S MIND TO MOVE SOUTH AND JOIN “REGULAR” BEARS. POOR BEARS, POOR EVOLUTION, POOR MUTATION….. JUST TOO MANY CENTURIES NEEDED TO GET POLAR BEARS TRANSFORMED INTO REGULAR LAND BEARS - Keith Hunt]
THE GREAT MELT HAS ALWAYS BEEN DIFFICULT FOR BEARS, BUT SOON THE SURVIVING THE SUMMER MAY BECOME IMPOSSIBLE. THE SCALE OF THE SUMMER MELT OVER THE LAST 30 YEARS HAS CHANGED. 2007 SUMMER MELT BROKE ALL RECORDS. 400 THOUSAND EXTRA SQUARE MILES OF ICE DISAPPEARED—— THE GREATEST MELT EVER RECORDED.
[AND IT CONTINUES—— THE NORTH POLE IS MELTING AWAY; GREENLAND IS MELTING AWAY; THE CANADIAN NORTH HAS IN 2019 JUST EXPERIENCED ITS FIRST “PERMA FROST” MELT; HOUSES AND TOWNS ARE FALLING APART, IT IS IN THE “DISASTER” RANGE. THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT HAS A HUGE PROBLEM TO FIGURE WHAT TO DO. PEOPLE OF THE NORTH MAY HAVE TO MOVE SOUTH - Keith Hunt]
THE LATEST PREDICTIONS ARE THAT THE ARCTIC MAYBE TOTALLY ICE FREE IN 20-40 YEARS!
BY SEPTEMBER THE SUN’S POWER BEGINS TO EBB. AND THE ARCTIC EMPTIES OF LIFE (EXCEPT FOR THE BEAR, FOX, AND WALRUS). THE ARCTIC BIRDS BEGIN THEIR LONG FLIGHT SOUTH. JUST A HARDY FEW ARE LEFT BEHIND.
THE ARCTIC FOX CUBS NOW FACE THE CHANGING SEASONS ALONE.
ALREADY THE FIRST SNOW IS BEGINNING TO FALL; THE FULL ARCTIC WINTER IS JUST 6 WEEKS AWAY.
FOR HUNGRY BEARS 6 WEEKS MAYBE TOO LONG TO WAIT.
[AND WE ARE TO BELIEVE THESE ANIMALS THAT LIVE IN THE NORTH SNOW AND ICE WINTERS, WERE LIVING THERE WHEN THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. OR WE ARE TO BELIEVE THEY ALL MOVED SOUTH OF THE ICE-AGE. IF SO AND FOUND THE PLACES TO LIVE, BREED, FEED, RAISE YOUNG ONES, THEN WHY DID THEY MOVE BACK TO THE ARCTIC AFTER THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS OVER? EVOLUTION MUST BE PRETTY DUMB IF IT HAS A MIND TO REASON WITH - Keith Hunt]
THE SEA ICE WILL NOT FREEZE PROPERLY UNTIL THE TEMPERATURE REACHES 2 BELOW.
THE NORMALLY UN-SOCIAL BEARS GATHER IN GROUPS ON THE SHORE-LINE.
THIS IS THE TIME OF YEAR THE MALE BEARS SPAR; ONLY THE BIGGEST BEARS HAVE THE RESERVE ENWRGY TO FIGHT. AFTER A SUMMER OF NO FOOD THE BEAR’S SYTEM IS IN LOW GEAR; THEIR AEROBICS HELP WARM THEM UP FOR THE WINTER HUNTING AHEAD.
IT’S LATE OCTOBER AND STILL THE SEA HAS NOT FROZEN. FOR EVERY DEGREE RISE IN THE SUMMER MELT THE FREEZING OF THE SEA ICE IS EXTENDED BY A WHOLE WEEK. THAT’S MORE BAD NEWS FOR THE POLAR BEAR.
SMALLER YOUNGER BEARS DON’T HAVE THE ENERGY OF OLDER BIGGER BEARS; EACH DAY WITHOUT FOOD THEY LOOSE ABOUT 2 POUNDS. SOME HAVE LOST HALF OF THEIR BODY WEIGHT.
[AND WE ARE TO BELIEVE THESE POLAR BEARS SURVIVED A MINI-ICE-AGE WITH ICE 1 TO 2 MILES THINK AS SOME TEACH—— GIVE ME A BREAK! Keith Hunt]
THE HUNGRY BEARS MUST REST IN THE SNOW TO CONSERVE ENERGY; ALL THEY CAN DO IS WAIT.
AT LAST THE WIND CHANGES; BLOWING IN FROM THE COLD NORTH ACROSS THE SEA; THE TEMPERATURE PLUMMETS TO 20 DEGREES BELOW.
IT’S NOW COLD ENOUGH FOR ICE CRYSTALS TO FORM IN THE SEA. THEY MEET TO FORM A GREASY SURFACE OF ICE. THESE BUMPING TOGETHER FORM PANCAKE ICE; AND THIS FORMS TOGETHER TO FORM A CONTINUOUS SURFACE.
AT LONG LAST THE SEA HAS FROZEN.
ONLY NOW CAN THE BEARS HEAD OUT ONTO THE SEA ICE TO HUNT FOR SEALS [AND HOW DO YOU DO THAT IN A MINI-ICE-AGE OF 1 TO 2 MILES THINK? Keith Hunt]
THE BEAR HAS A SURPRISE IN STORE.
THIS SEASON (2008) THE SEA ICE IS THINNER THAN EVER RECORDED.
THE BEAR CAN FALL THROUGH AND MUST PUSH ON TO THICKER ICE TO CLIMB ONTO.
AT LAST ON FIRMER ICE HE ROLLS IN THE SNOW TO DRY HIS FUR.
IN NOVEMBER THE SUN SETS OVER THE FROZEN NORTH, AND DOES NOT APPEAR AGAIN FOR 4 MONTHS.
[IN A MINI-ICE-AGE IT IS SO COLD THE SUN MAKES NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE; YOU CAN HAVE THE SUN SHINING ALL DAY LONG, BUT IF IT IS -40 EVERYTHING IS STILL FROZEN SOLID. IT’S NOT POSSIBLE FOR POLAR BEARS TO SURVIVE A LONG (MAYBE HUNDREDS OF YEARS) ON A MINI-ICE-AGE THAT SOME CLAIM WAS 1 TO 2 MILES THICK - Keith Hunt]
THE SUMMER MELT HAS PROVIDED LOTS OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR MILLIONS OF ANIMALS, BUT HAS BECOME A THREAT TO THE POLAR BEAR’S SURVIVAL.
[BUT A MINI-ICE-AGE WOULD NOT HAVE SERVED THESE MILLIONS OF ANIMALS. THEY WOULD ONLY SURVIVE SOUTH OF THE ICE-COVER OF 1 TO 2 MILES DEEP. THEY WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN “GOING NORTH” AS THEY DO TODAY. SO THEY LIVED AND FED AND BREADED SOUTH OF THE ICE-AGE. WHO TOLD THEM THE ICE AGE WAS OVER? WHO TOLD THEM TO GO NORTH AT THE RIGHT TIME? WHY WOULD THEY, AS THEY WERE DOING JUST FINE WHERE THEY WERE, LIVING FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS, WHILE THE MINI-ICE-AGE WAS PRESENT - Keith Hunt]
THIS SEASON (2007/8) THE POLAR BEAR HAS SURVIVED THE GREATEST MELT EVER RECORDED, AND MADE IT THROUGH TO THE ARCTIC WINTER.
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NONE OF THE ANIMALS HAD TO MOVE SOUTH AND STAY SOUTH OF THE MINI-ICE-AGE; FOR THERE NEVER WAS A MINI-ICE-AGE!
NONE OF THEM HAD TO BE TOLD BY THE MIND (AS IF IT HAS ONE, TONGUE IN CHEEK) OF EVOLUTION TO MAKE A MOVE UP NORTH AFTER THE ICE-AGE WAS OVER, TO LIVE, EAT, BREED, RAISE THEIR YOUNG; FOR THERE WAS NEVER ANY MINI-ICE-AGE.
BIRDS WERE NEVER TOLD TO MOVE UP NORTH AFTER THE ICE-AGE WAS OVER, FOR THE SUMMER TIME, TO EAT AND BREED, AND HAVE YOUNG ONES, THEN MOVE BACK SOUTH AS THE WINTER WAS COMING. THEY WERE NEVER TOLD TO DO THIS AFTER THE ICE SHELF OF A 1 OR 2 MILE HAD DISAPPEARED, BECAUSE THERE NEVER WAS A MINI-ICE-AGE.
ALL THE ANIMALS LIVING YEAR ROUND IN THE ARCTIC, OR ONES MOVING THERE FOR A SHORT SUMMER TIME, WERE DOING THIS FROM THE BEGINNING AS GOD CREATED IT ALL, IN GENESIS 1 AND 2, AND AFTER THE TIME OF NOAH.
THERE WAS SEASONS FROM THE BEGINNING—— GENESIS 1:14.
THERE WAS AT LEAST FROM THE TIME OF NOAH SEED TIME AND HARVEST, SUMMER AND WINTER, DAY AND NIGHT (THOUGH DIFFERENT LENGTHS AT DIFFERENT PLACES ON EARTH).
THE POLAR BEARS WERE CREATED AS POLAR BEARS; THE POLAR FOX WAS CREATED AS A POLAR FOX; ALWAYS LIVING IN THE POLAR NORTH.
THE VARIOUS SEA CREATURES THAT MIGRATE TO ALASKA AND PLACES IN THE NORTH, DID SO FROM THE BEGINNING.
THE BIRDS THAT MIGRATE TO THE NORTH OF SNOW AND ICE, FISH AND HAVE THEIR YOUNG ONES UP THERE, HAVE DONE SO FROM THE BEGINNING.
THE BREED OF PENGUINS THAT MIGRATE TO THE COLDEST PLACE ON EARTH—— THE SOUTH POLE, THE FATHER PENGUINS WHO STAY AND PROTECT THE EGGS, THE MOTHER PENGUINS WHO SWIM AWAY FOR FOOD AND RETRUN AFTER THE WINTER MONTHS TO FEED DAD AND THE YOUNG ONE; THEY HAVE DONE SO FROM THE BEGINNING.
THE KANGAROO HAS ALWAYS BEEN IN AUSTRALIA FROM THE BEGINNING.
THE PLATYPUS HAS ALWAYS BEEN IN AUSTRALIA FROM THE BEGINNING.
THE PANDA HAS ALWAYS BEEN IN CERTAIN MOUNTAIN AREAS OF CHINA, AND ONLY EAT BAMBOO, THEY HAVE DONE SO FROM THE BEGINNING.
THE BISON OR BUFFALO OF THE AMERICAS HAVE BEEN IN THIS AREA OF THE WORLD FROM THE BEGINNING.
THE MONARC-BUTTERFLY OF SOUTH ONTARIO AND PARTS OF THE EAST USA, WHO JOURNEY TO THEIR SPECIAL PLACE IN MEXICO, HAVE DONE SO FROM THE BEGINNING, AS THERE WAS NO MINI-ICE-AGE.
YES THERE IS MUTATIONS IN “KINDS” BUT NEVER HAS ONE KIND EVER MUTATED INTO A TOTALLY DIFFERENT KIND, I.E. THE DOG KIND HAS NEVER EVER MUTATED INTO THE CAT KIND; THE ELEPHANT KIND HAS NEVER EVER MUTATED INTO THE LION KIND; THE HIPPOPOTAMUS HAS NEVER EVER MUTATED INTO THE HORSE KIND, AND ETC. GOD CREATED “KINDS” AND THEY REPRODUCE ONLY IN THEIR KIND.
THERE IS NO PROOF THAT CERTAIN STRATA ARE MILLIONS OF YEARS OLD; IT IS JUST NOT POSSIBLE TO GIVE A DATE ON STRATA; DATES FOR SUCH ARE FROM THE IMAGINATION OF EVOLUTIONISTS. WE SIMPLY DO NOT KNOW THE DATE OF THE STRATA OF THE EARTH.
AS ONE JOKE GOES: IF WE HUMANS CAME FROM MONKEYS, WHY DO WE STILL HAVE MONKEYS?
AND WE COULD SAY, WHY DO WE HAVE NO HALF MONEY AND HALF HUMANS, OR VARIOUS STAGES OF SLOW EVOLUTION OR MUTATIONS FROM MONEY TO HUMAN?
GENETICS IS SO COMPLEX WITH CELLS, GENES AND DNA, THE MORE WE STUDY IT THE MORE WE SHOULD SEE HOW EVOLUTION “CHANCE” IS RIDICULOUS TO THINK IT ALL CAME ABOUT BY CHANCE, HIT AND MISS, MAKE IT UP AS WE GO.
ALL PHYSICAL LIFE IS SO COMPLICATED, IN ITS DNA, IT IS BEYOND COMMON SENSE TO BELIEVE IT ALL JUST HAPPENED BY CHANCE, EVEN GIVING IT MILLIONS OF YEARS TO EVOLVE.
AS A KID OF 3, 4, 5, YEARS OLD, I WAS FASCINATED BY ALL THE THINGS I COULD SEE AROUND ME. BEING SENT TO A “CHURCH OF ENGLAND SCHOOL” AT AGE 7 BY MY PARENTS; BEING GIVEN A BIBLE THAT VERY FIRST DAY, AND HAVING THE TEACHER READ GENESIS CHAPTER ONE, I HAD MY ANSWER—— IT WAS A SUPREME BEING IN THE UNIVERSE WHO MADE EVERYTHING I COULD SEE IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD OF LIFE.
Keith Hunt
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Have dinosaur bones been Carbon-14 dated and what are the results?
Answers
Relevance
In 1990 a sample of various dinosaur bones were sent to the University of Arizona for a “blind” Carbon-14 dating procedure. “Blind” in the sense that they didn’t tell them what the bones were. The oldest date they got was 16 thousand years. Now I don’t think they are even that old, but that’s a far cry from the millions of years evolutionists suggest. If dinosaurs became extinct more than 65 million years ago, there should be no carbon-14 left in their bones. Evolutionist of course say the samples must have been contaminated.
But there are other problems. In 1981, scientists identified unfossilized dinosaur bones which had been found in Alaska 20 years earlier. Philip J. Currie (an evolutionist) wrote about this and some similar finds, “An even more spectacular example was found on the North Shore of Alaska, where many thousands of bones lack any significant degree of permineralization. The bones look and feel like old cow bones, and the discoverers of the site did not report it for twenty years because they assumed they were bison, not dinosaur, bones.” As Dr. Margaret Helder has said, “How these bones could have remained in fresh condition for 70 million years is a perplexing question. One thing is certain: they were not preserved by cold. Everyone recognizes that the climate in these regions was much warmer during the time when the dinosaurs lived.”
In 1990, Scientists from the University of Montana found T. rex bones that were not totally fossilized and even found what appeared to be blood cells in them. Dr. Mary Schweitzer said, “It was exactly like looking at a slice of modern bone. But, of course, I couldn’t believe it. … The bones, after all, are 65 million years old. How could blood cells survive that long?” How indeed?
And then in 2005, they found an even greater discovery. Science Daily website said (March 25, 2005): “Dr. Mary Schweitzer . . . has succeeded in isolating soft tissue from the femur of a 68-million-year-old dinosaur. Not only is the tissue largely intact, it’s still transparent and pliable, and microscopic interior structures resembling blood vessels and even cells are still present.” As Dr. David Menton said, “It certainly taxes one’s imagination to believe that soft tissue and cells could remain so relatively fresh in appearance for the tens of millions of years of supposed evolutionary history.” Wouldn’t that be a hit for the meat industry if we could figure out how to preserve meat for so long?
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Since all the carbon 14 is gone in 50,000 years, it certainly can’t be used by evolutionists to prove that dinosaurs lived 50 million years ago. There would not be any carbon 14 left in the sample to measure. That’s why knowledgeable evolutionists never claim that carbon 14 is used to prove that dinosaurs lived 50 million years ago. But that doesn't mean that, according to scientific methods, the bones of dinosaurs are younger than 5775 years (the Biblical age of the earth). The age of dinosaur bones can be estimated by using other methods.
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According to published content at the URLs at the end of this comment, dinosaur bones (not fossils, but actual bones) have indeed been dated, using both carbon 14 and carbon 13. They came out young.
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No. Radiocarbon dating involves dating the using the carbon-14 isotope. After about 50,000 years (about 10 half lives), there is not enough carbon-14 to measure in organic matter. Dinosaurs lived MUCH more than 50,000 years ago (from about 230 to 65 millions years ago). Besides, most dinosaur remains are fossilized - the original organic material has been replaced by minerals.
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Probably.... but really why would you? Dinosaur bones are fossilised - the original material is replaced (clearly). Carbon dating is based on the C14 the living organism took in from the atmosphere. Fossil bones contain no record of this. They consist of mineral that has replaced the original bone.
But if you did.... well C14 is produced very slowly underground by uranium - thorium decay. Thus, you might find some fossil bones with very small traces of C14, maybe just above the background radiation detection limits of the machine, ie. "date" to slightly younger than 60,000 years. Maybe "younger" if it's contaminated with recent biological material.
As others have said, uranium/lead, potassium/argon, argon/argon and multiple other forms of radiometric and non-radiometric dating very consistently establish that the stratigraphic context of dinosaur bones is far far far older than this - ~60 million years for the youngest bones.
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Yes they have and they have been returned as dated 2200 years to 35 k years or so..
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Dinosaur bones cannot be carbon-14 dated. For one thing, they aren't made of biological materials - they were long ago replaced by rock.
What happens is that the bones are covered in some way by, say, silt from flood or lakebed. Then the bones dissolve. Then water, containing minerals dissolved within, deposits those minerals into the space left by the bone. Ta-da - Rock replaces bone.
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DO YOU SEE THE TWO SIDES TO THIS?
SOME CLAIM LEGITIMATE DINOSAUR BONES HAVE BEEN FOUND SO CARBON 14 DATING CAN BE DONE ON THEM, AND RESULTS HAVE BEEN UNDER 50,000 YEARS.
THEN YOU HAVE THE FACT OF “DINOSAUR” BONES THAT HAVE BEEN MINERALIZED - A LONG TIME AGO REPLACED BY ROCK…..AS THE LAST COMMENT….TA-DA—ROCK REPLACES BONE.
CAN BOTH OF THESE FACTS MAKE SENSE; CAN THEY BE PUT TOGETHER SO BOTH ARE TRUE?
YES THEY CAN—— BUT THAT LATER.
Keith Hunt
Fossil
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Fossilization)
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging")[1] is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood, oil, coal, and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the fossil record.
Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old.[2] The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old[3][4][5] to 4.1 billion years old.[6][7] The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absolute ages of rocks and the fossils they host.
There are many processes that lead to fossilization, including permineralization, casts and molds, authigenic mineralization , replacement and recrystallization, adpression, carbonization, and bioimmuration.
Fossil of a Seymouria (extinct)
Fossils vary in size from one-micrometre (1 µm) bacteria[8] to dinosaurs and trees, many meters long and weighing many tons. A fossil normally preserves only a portion of the deceased organism, usually that portion that was partially mineralized during life, such as the bones and teeth of vertebrates, or the chitinous or calcareous exoskeletons of invertebrates. Fossils may also consist of the marks left behind by the organism while it was alive, such as animal tracks or feces (coprolites). These types of fossil are called trace fossils or ichnofossils, as opposed to body fossils. Some fossils are biochemical and are called chemofossils or biosignatures.
PROCESS OF FOSSILIZATION
The process of fossilization varies according to tissue type and external conditions.
Permineralization
Silicified (replaced with silica) fossils from the Road Canyon Formation (Middle Permian of Texas)
Permineralization is a process of fossilization that occurs when an organism is buried. The empty spaces within an organism (spaces filled with liquid or gas during life) become filled with mineral-rich groundwater. Minerals precipitate from the groundwater, occupying the empty spaces. This process can occur in very small spaces, such as within the cell wall of a plant cell. Small scale permineralization can produce very detailed fossils. For permineralization to occur, the organism must become covered by sediment soon after death, otherwise decay commences. The degree to which the remains are decayed when covered determines the later details of the fossil. Some fossils consist only of skeletal remains or teeth; other fossils contain traces of skin, feathers or even soft tissues. This is a form of diagenesis.
Casts and molds
External mold of a bivalve from the Logan Formation, Lower Carboniferous, Ohio
In some cases, the original remains of the organism completely dissolve or are otherwise destroyed. The remaining organism-shaped hole in the rock is called an external mold. If this hole is later filled with other minerals, it is a cast. An endocast, or internal mold, is formed when sediments or minerals fill the internal cavity of an organism, such as the inside of a bivalve or snail or the hollow of a skull.
Authigenic mineralization
This is a special form of cast and mold formation. If the chemistry is right, the organism (or fragment of organism) can act as a nucleus for the precipitation of minerals such as siderite, resulting in a nodule forming around it. If this happens rapidly before significant decay to the organic tissue, very fine three-dimensional morphological detail can be preserved. Nodules from the Carboniferous Mazon Creek fossil beds of Illinois, USA, are among the best documented examples of such mineralization.
Replacement and recrystallization
Recrystallized scleractinian coral (aragonite to calcite) from the Jurassic of southern Israel
Replacement occurs when the shell, bone or other tissue is replaced with another mineral. In some cases mineral replacement of the original shell occurs so gradually and at such fine scales that microstructural features are preserved despite the total loss of original material. A shell is said to be recrystallized when the original skeletal compounds are still present but in a different crystal form, as from aragonite to calcite.
Adpression (compression-impression)
Compression fossils, such as those of fossil ferns, are the result of chemical reduction of the complex organic molecules composing the organism's tissues. In this case the fossil consists of original material, albeit in a geochemically altered state. This chemical change is an expression of diagenesis. Often what remains is a carbonaceous film known as a phytoleim, in which case the fossil is known as a compression. Often, however, the phytoleim is lost and all that remains is an impression of the organism in the rock—an impression fossil. In many cases, however, compressions and impressions occur together. For instance, when the rock is broken open, the phytoleim will often be attached to one part (compression), whereas the counterpart will just be an impression. For this reason, one term covers the two modes of preservation: adpression.[9]
Soft tissue, cell and molecular preservation
Because of their antiquity, an unexpected exception to the alteration of an organism's tissues by chemical reduction of the complex organic molecules during fossilization has been the discovery of soft tissue in dinosaur fossils, including blood vessels, and the isolation of proteins and evidence for DNA fragments.[10][11][12][13] In 2014, Mary Schweitzer and her colleagues reported the presence of iron particles (goethite-aFeO(OH)) associated with soft tissues recovered from dinosaur fossils. Based on various experiments that studied the interaction of iron in haemoglobin with blood vessel tissue they proposed that solution hypoxia coupled with iron chelation enhances the stability and preservation of soft tissue and provides the basis for an explanation for the unforeseen preservation of fossil soft tissues.[14] However, a slightly older study based on eight taxa ranging in time from the Devonian to the Jurassic found that reasonably well-preserved fibrils that probably represent collagen were preserved in all these fossils, and that the quality of preservation depended mostly on the arrangement of the collagen fibers, with tight packing favoring good preservation.[15] There seemed to be no correlation between geological age and quality of preservation, within that timeframe.
Carbonization
Carbonaceous films are thin coatings which consist predominantly of the chemical element carbon. The soft tissues of organisms are made largely of organic carbon compounds and during diagenesis under reducing conditions only a thin film of carbon residue is left which forms a silhouette of the original organism.
Bioimmuration
Bioimmuration occurs when a skeletal organism overgrows or otherwise subsumes another organism, preserving the latter, or an impression of it, within the skeleton.[17] Usually it is a sessile skeletal organism, such as a bryozoan or an oyster, which grows along a substrate, covering other sessile sclerobionts. Sometimes the bioimmured organism is soft-bodied and is then preserved in negative relief as a kind of external mold. There are also cases where an organism settles on top of a living skeletal organism that grows upwards, preserving the settler in its skeleton. Bioimmuration is known in the fossil record from the Ordovician[18] to the Recent.
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AS YOU CAN SEE THERE IS MUCH TO FOSSILIZATION.
THE ARTICLE FROM WIKIPEDIA GOES ON IN SOME DETAIL ABOUT “DATING” METHODS.
IT IS NOT MY INTENT HERE TO DEBATE THE DATING METHODS.
I WILL PRESUME BOTH SIDES OF DATING DINOSAUR BONES HAVE TRUTH TO THEM.
THE PROBLEM THAT “YOUNG EARTH CHRISTIAN SCIENTISTS” HAVE IS THAT MOST OF THEM STILL WANT TO ARGUE THE EARTH IS ABOUT 6,OOO YEARS OLD.
BELIEVING THAT SOME DINOSAUR BONES HAVE BEEN CORRECTLY DATED TO AROUND 35,000 YEARS, GIVEN SOME LESS AND SOME MORE; THIS BLOWS AWAY THE TEACHING OF AN EARTH 6,000 OR SO YEARS OLD.
THEN GIVEN THAT MOST DINOSAUR BONES HAVE MOVED INTO FULL FOSSILIZATION—— FULL MINERAL DEPOSITS TO MAKE THEM ROCK; WE CANNOT CARBON 14 DATE THEM, AS CARBON 14 METHOD IS PRETTY WELL USELESS AFTER 50 TO 75 THOUSAND YEARS.
SO THOSE DINOSAURS COULD BE….. WELL CERTAINLY AFTER CARBON 14 METHOD IS USELESS, COULD BE…. WHO KNOWS HOW OLD THEY COULD BE, AS BY THEMSELVES AND NOT FIGURED BY ANY SURROUNDINGS THEY ARE FOUND IN.
I SUBMIT BOTH SIDES OF THE COIN ON THIS MATTER COULD BE CORRECT.
SO HOW DO BE RECONCILE BOTH SIDES?
THAT IS FOR THE NEXT UPLOAD.
Keith Hunt
DATING YOUNG AND OLD DINOSAURS?
I HAVE NO PROBLEM AT ALL TAKING BOTH SIDES OF THIS TOPIC.
THERE COULD BE YOUNG AGE DINOSAURS AND VERY OLD AGE DINOSAURS.
HOW?
IN OTHER STUDIES ON THIS WEBSITE I HAVE GONE INTO SOME DETAIL SCRIPTURALLY, TO SHOW THE BIBLE TEACHES AN EARTH AND UNIVERSE WAY WAY WAY OLDER THAN 6,000 YEARS OR SO, AS SOME “EARLY EARTH” BELIEVERS TEACH.
SO THIS WILL JUST BE A SUMMERY.
THERE WAS THE GODHEAD IN ETERNITY PAST. THE GODHEAD MADE THE ANGELIC WORLD, IN THE PAST, WE ARE NOT TOLD HOW FAR BACK.
THE GODHEAD MADE THE UNIVERSE; HOW FAR BACK WE ARE NOT TOLD—— TENS OF THOUSANDS, HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS, MILLIONS OF YEARS—— WE ARE NOT TOLD.
THE EARTH WAS MADE CERTAINLY WAY MORE THAN 6,000 YEARS AGO.
THE COVERING CHERUB ANGEL WAS GIVEN RULERSHIP, WITH OTHER ANGELS, OVER THIS EARTH.
THAT EARTH WAS BEAUTIFUL FROM THE VERY START, MADE TO BE INHABITED; IT WAS NOT A SHAMBLES OR AN EARTH COVERED WITH WATER. THE ANGELS SANG FOR JOY OVER THIS EARTH WHEN IT WAS MADE.
THE BEAUTIFUL COVERING CHERUB WAS GIVEN RULERSHIP OVER THIS BEAUTIFUL EARTH. HE WAS NOT SATISFIED WITH RULING THIS WONDERFUL EARTH AND ALL THE DINOSAUR CREATURES ON IT. HE WANTED THE THRONE OF HEAVEN, HE WANTED GOD’S THRONE AND TO RULE THE UNIVERSE AND ALL ANGELS.
ONE THIRD OF THE ANGELS DECIDED TO TAKE HIS SIDE. THERE WAS WAR IN HEAVEN; A BATTLE THE HUMAN MIND CANNOT COMPREHEND. THE COVERING CHERUB AND HIS ANGELS WERE CAST DOWN; JESUS SAID, HE SAW THE CHERUB NOW SATAN THE DEVIL, FALL AS LIGHTNING FROM HEAVEN. HIS BAND OF ANGELS NOW BECAME DEMONS.
SATAN WAS ALLOWED TO DESTROY THIS EARTH; WE HAVE PHYSICAL SIGNS OF HUGE METEORS STRIKING THIS EARTH IN PAST TIME.
THE VIOLENCE DONE TO THIS EARTH WAS BEYOND HUMAN COMPREHENSION; IT WAS MASSIVELY HUGE AND SWIFT—— THE AGE OF THE DINOSAURS AND ALL PLANT LIFE, ALL BIRD LIFE, ALL SEA LIFE, WAS TOTALLY WIPED OUT—— THAT AGE CAME TO A SWIFT END. TIDAL WAVES AND UPHEAVAL WAS SO CATASTROPHIC MOST CREATURES WERE BURIED ALIVE, SOME WITH FOOD IN THEIR MOUTH OR IN THE PROCESS OF EATING ANOTHER ANIMAL. OVER THE TIME OF UPHEAVAL LAND STRATA WAS FORMED; PRESSURE TOOK VEGETATION MATTER AND OIL AND COAL WAS FORMED, PRESSURE MADE DIAMONDS FORM.
WE COME ON THE SCENE IN GENESIS 1:2 WITH WATER COVERING THE ENTIRE GLOBE. YES THERE WAS A WORLDWIDE FLOOD, BUT NOT AT NOAH’S TIME, BUT WHEN SATAN WAS THROWN OUT OF HEAVEN AND THE DEMONS WITH HIM, BACK TO THIS EARTH.
GOD HAD A PLAN ALREADY IN MIND FOR THIS EARTH, AND WHAT GOD WOULD IN HIS TIME, DO WITH THIS EARTH NOW COVERED WITH WATER.
WHAT WE READ IN GENESIS 1 AND 2, WAS THE RE-FORM-ATION OF THIS EARTH AND HUMAN KIND UPON IT, IN SIX LITERAL DAYS.
THE BASIC WORLD AS WE KNOW IT TODAY GOD LIFTED UP OUT OF THE WATERS; LANDS, MOUNTAIN REGIONS, LAKES, SEAS, THE NORTH AND SOUTH POLES, AND CREATURES OF THE LAND, SEA, AND AIR WERE MADE. NOTICE IN GENESIS 1: 24—— BEASTS OF THE EARTH WERE CREATED!
THE WORD “BEAST” IS #2416 IN STRONG’S CONCORDANCE OF THE KJV BIBLE.
IT IS USED IN ISAIAH 35:9 “NO LION SHALL BE THERE [IN THE AGE TO COME], NOR ANY RAVENOUS BEAST SHALL GO UP…..”
AGAIN—— USED IN PSALM 50: 10, “FOR EVERY BEAST OF THE FORREST IS MINE….”
AGAIN—— USED IN JOB 39: 15, “…OR THAT THE WILD BEAST MAY BREAK THEM….”
AGAIN—— USED IN GENESIS 2: 19, “GOD FORMED EVERY BEAST OF THE FIELD…”
THE READER CAN DO MORE STUDY ON THIS WORD, AND SEE ALL THE PLACES WHERE IT IS USED IN THE KJV BIBLE FROM STRONG’S CONCORDANCE.
YES THE COW WAS CREATED, THE SHEEP, THE GOAT, THE HORSE, THE DOG, THE CAT, THE SQUIRREL, THE BUFFALO, THE BEAR, THE TIGER, THE ELEPHANT, THE JARAFF, THE LION, THE MONKEY, THE LEPARD, THE RHYNO….. ALL BEASTS OF THE FIELD, THE EARTH.
AND SO….. SOME CLAIM THE FOOT-PRINTS OF THE HUMAN CAN BE FOUND WITH THE FOOT-PRINTS OF THE DINOSAUR!
INDEED, NO PROBLEM—— FOR GOD AT THE TIME OF GENESIS 1 AND 2, CREATED SOME DINOSAUR CREATURES, AS HE HAD ALREADY DONE SO IN THE FIRST AGE, THE AGE OF THE WORLDWIDE DINOSAURS.
GOD CAN DO WHAT HE LIKES; IF HE WANTED TO AGAIN MAKE DINOSAUR CREATURE IN GENESIS 1, HE CAN DO SO!
IN THE FIRST AGE THERE WERE PROBABLY LAND, SEA, AND AIR CREATURES THAT WE HAVE TODAY.
UNDERSTAND! GOD CAN CREATE WHAT CREATURES FOR LAND, SEA, AND AIR, THAT HE DESIRES TO CREATE, WHEN HE DESIRES TO CREATE THEM!
THERE WERE PROBABLY DINOSAUR TYPE CREATURES MADE WHEN MAN WAS MADE. HENCE IF WE HAVE FOUND DINOSAUR BONES THAT DATE, WITH CARBON 14 DATING, THAT ARE 20, 30, 40 THOUSAND YEARS OLD THEN IT ALL FITS; THIS EARTH AND ALL UPON IT ARE WAY OLDER THAN 6,000 YEARS.
WHY DO WE NOT SEE THESE DINOSAUR CREATURES TODAY?
WELL IN THE DEPTH OF THE OCEANS WE ARE BEGINNING TO FIND CREATURES THAT LOOK LIKE THEY ARE FROM SOME SCIENCE FICTION MOVIE….JUST MIND BLOWING, STRANGE AND FANTASTICALLY BIZARRE.
AS FOR LAND DINOSAUR CREATURES, WELL I SUBMIT THESE COULD BE CLASSIFIED AS DINOSAURS— Rhinoceros and the Hippopotamus and even the Elephant.
MANY OTHERS HAVE DISAPPEARED!
WE CALL IT BECOMING EXTINCT!
HUMANS JUST ABOUT MADE THE BUFFALO EXTINCT; MILLIONS OF THEM ON THE NORTH AMERICAN LAND AND MAN JUST ABOUT KILLED EVERY SINGLE ONE OF THEM.
THE BOOK OF JOB TALKS ABOUT TWO CREATURES THAT FROM WHAT IS SAID ABOUT THEM, WE HAVE NOTHING ON EARTH TODAY LIKE THEM. THE HUMPBACK WALE COULD BE REGARDED AS A DINOSAUR ANIMAL.
FOR MANY REASONS MANY THINGS BECOME EXTINCT, IT HAS BEEN THIS WAY FROM THE BEGINNING OF HUMAN HISTORY.
THE OLD AND THE YOUNG DINOSAUR CREATURES WERE IN THE OLD WORLD FOR SURE, AND NO DOUBT IN THE PRESENT WORLD FOR A TIME, AND SOME ARE STILL WITH US TODAY ON THE LAND AND IN THE SEAS, AS GOD RE-CREATED THEM IN GENESIS 1 AND WHICH MANY HAVE BECOME EXTINCT DOWN THE PATHWAY OF TIME. WE HAVE LEGENS OF FIRE DRAGONS, THE WELSH HAVE PRESERVED THEIR STORY, A DINOSAUR CREATURE NOW EXTINCT.
Keith Hunt
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